Vinegar extract is rich in phenolic compounds, which can prevent free radical-induced diseases. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of vinegar extract on gut microbiota in alcohol-treated mice and their correlation with alcohol-induced liver damage. These results showed that vinegar extract regulated the gut microbiota composition and improved intestinal homeostasis through increasing the expression levels of ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1, Reg3b, and Reg3g in alcohol-treated mice. In addition, vinegar extract inhibited the alcohol-induced production of ROS and inflammatory factors. Moreover, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus showed a significant positive correlation with Reg3b, Reg3g, ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1 and a negative correlation with hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress parameters. However, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Butyricimonas, Parabacteroides, and Bilophila exhibited the opposite effect. These findings suggest that vinegar extract modulates gut microbiota and improves intestinal homeostasis, and can be used as a novel gut microbiota manipulator against alcohol-induced liver damage.

中文翻译：

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醋提取物可改善酒精引起的与小鼠肠道菌群调节有关的肝损伤。

醋提取物富含酚类化合物，可预防自由基引起的疾病。本研究的目的是探讨醋提取物对酒精治疗小鼠肠道菌群的影响及其与酒精引起的肝损害的相关性。这些结果表明，醋提取物通过增加酒精处理小鼠中ZO-1，occludin，claudin-1，Reg3b和Reg3g的表达水平来调节肠道菌群组成并改善肠道稳态。此外，醋提取物抑制酒精诱导的ROS和炎症因子的产生。此外，拟杆菌，Verrucomicrobia，Akkermansia和乳酸杆菌显示与Reg3b，Reg3g，ZO-1，occludin和claudin-1显着正相关，与肝脏炎症和氧化应激参数负相关。但是，Firmicutes，变形杆菌，Butyricimonas，Parabacteroides和Bilophila表现出相反的效果。这些发现表明，醋提取物可调节肠道菌群并改善肠道稳态，并可作为抵抗酒精引起的肝损伤的新型肠道菌群操纵剂。