Infrared light (NIR) accounts for more than 50% of the energy donated by the Sun to the Earth, but most of this type of energy is not utilized in photocatalytic reactions. The up-conversion of infrared light into visible light is a probable strategy to utilize NIR in solar energy storage and conversion into hydrogen. Herein, a cooperative photocatalyst consisting of RGO, CdS and an up-conversion component (NaYF₄–Yb³⁺/Er³⁺) has been identified as an excellent photocatalyst for overall water splitting to hydrogen. By uniting an up-conversion component with a visible light catalyst, a cooperative catalyst has been developed and 980 nm NIR driven water splitting has been achieved. RGO and CN were selected, and their water splitting performances based on their incorporation into combined catalysts were compared. The results indicated that only RGO had a significant promotion effect on photocatalytic water splitting activity due to its good conductivity on its huge net-like 2D structure. A highest hydrogen evolution rate of 4.54 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ was achieved.

中文翻译：

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980 nm NIR光驱动的CdS–RGO–NaYF4–Yb3 + / Er3 +组合光催化剂上的总水分解

红外线（NIR）占太阳向地球提供的能量的50％以上，但是大多数此类能量未用于光催化反应中。将红外光向上转换为可见光是在太阳能存储中利用NIR并将其转换为氢的可能策略。在此，光催化剂合作由RGO，CdS和上变频组分（NaYF的₄ -Yb ³⁺ / ER ³⁺）被认为是将水完全分解为氢的出色光催化剂。通过将上转换组分与可见光催化剂结合在一起，已开发​​出一种协同催化剂，并已实现980 nm NIR驱动的水分解。选择了RGO和CN，并比较了它们掺入组合催化剂中的水分解性能。结果表明，只有RGO对巨大的网状二维结构具有良好的导电性，因此对光催化水分解活性具有显着的促进作用。达到最高的氢气释放速率为4.54μmolg ^-1 h ^-1。