Alzheimer's disease (AD), a common irreversible neurodegenerative disease characterized by amyloid-β plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and changes in tau phosphorylation, is accompanied by memory loss and symptoms of cognitive dysfunction. Increases in disease incidence due to the ageing of the population have placed a great burden on society. To date, the mechanism of AD and the identities of adequate drugs for AD prevention and treatment have eluded the medical community. It has been confirmed that phytochemicals have certain neuroprotective effects against AD. For example, some progress has been made in research on the use of resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic phytochemical, for the prevention and treatment of AD in recent years. Elucidation of the pathogenesis of AD will create a solid foundation for drug treatment. In addition, research on resveratrol, including its mechanism of action, the roles of signalling pathways and its therapeutic targets, will provide new ideas for AD treatment, which is of great significance. In this review, we discuss the possible relationships between AD and the following factors: synapses, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs), silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), and estrogens. We also discuss the findings of previous studies regarding these relationships in the context of AD treatment and further summarize research progress related to resveratrol treatment.

中文翻译：

---

阿尔茨海默氏病和白藜芦醇的研究进展。

阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）是一种常见的不可逆性神经退行性疾病，其特征是淀粉样蛋白β斑块，神经原纤维缠结和tau磷酸化改变，并伴有记忆力减退和认知功能障碍的症状。由于人口老龄化导致的疾病发病率增加给社会带来了沉重负担。迄今为止，医学界对AD的机理和用于AD预防和治疗的适当药物的识别还不了解。已经证实植物化学物质对AD具有某些神经保护作用。例如，近年来，在天然白藜芦醇植物化学物质白藜芦醇用于预防和治疗AD的研究中已经取得了一些进展。对AD发病机理的阐明将为药物治疗奠定坚实的基础。此外，白藜芦醇的作用机理，信号通路的作用及其治疗靶点的研究将为AD治疗提供新思路，具有重要意义。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了AD与以下因素之间的可能关系：突触，α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸（AMPA）型谷氨酸受体（AMPAR），沉默信息调节剂1（ SIRT1）和雌激素。我们还将讨论在AD治疗的背景下有关这些关系的先前研究结果，并进一步总结与白藜芦醇治疗有关的研究进展。我们讨论了AD与以下因素之间的可能关系：突触，α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸（AMPA）型谷氨酸受体（AMPAR），沉默信息调节因子1（SIRT1）和雌激素。我们还将讨论在AD治疗的背景下有关这些关系的先前研究结果，并进一步总结与白藜芦醇治疗有关的研究进展。我们讨论了AD与以下因素之间的可能关系：突触，α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸（AMPA）型谷氨酸受体（AMPAR），沉默信息调节因子1（SIRT1）和雌激素。我们还将讨论在AD治疗的背景下有关这些关系的先前研究结果，并进一步总结与白藜芦醇治疗有关的研究进展。