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Neurotoxicity, oxidative stress biomarkers and haematological responses in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to polyvinyl chloride microparticles.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C: Toxicology & Pharmacology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108741
Stanley C Iheanacho 1 , Gregory E Odo 2
Affiliation  

The aquatic environment is outrageously littered with resin pellets and particles of plastic origin which can jeopardise the health of aquatic organisms. The present study investigated the effect of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microparticles on blood parameters, leucocytes, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system (brain and gill) of Clarias gariepinus. C. gariepinus is a fresh water indicator species often used as model for ecotoxicological assay. Fish specimens were exposed to diets spiked with PVC microparticles (95.41 ± 4.23 μm) at the following concentrations; 0.50%, 1.50% and 3.0% and control diet for 45 days, followed by a depuration trial which lasted for 30 days. Blood and tissues (brain and gill) were sampled every 15 days interval for haematology, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation assay. The result obtained revealed that PVC orchestrated the marked alterations in haematological indices. Mean cell volume and mean cell haemoglobin values reduced significantly in all concentration treated groups and were time-dependent. Neutrophil counts decreased with a corresponding increase in PVC exposure time while lymphocytes and monocytes values showed no significant difference between the control and exposed fish groups. Glutathione peroxidase activity was altered substantially in the brain and gill of the exposed groups compared to the control. Superoxide dismutase activity was inhibited in the brain and gill of the exposed groups compared to the control, as well as the different exposed periods. Catalase activity reduced significantly in the brain of 0.5% PVC exposed groups, and also decreased in a time-dependent manner while its activity in the gill did not change significantly among the exposed groups relative to the control. Lipid peroxidation levels in the brain of PVC exposed groups increased significantly in a dose and time-dependent manner. However, PVC caused no significantly change in the gill lipid peroxidation level of the exposed fish, but elevated the lipid peroxidation levels as the exposure time increased. Acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain and gill of the exposed fish reduced substantially with increase in the exposure time. Variations in haematology, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation and acetylcholinesterase activities are indicative of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in fish. C. gariepinus is an indispensable bioindicator to measure environmental impact of PVC microparticles.

中文翻译:

暴露于聚氯乙烯微粒的非洲cat鱼(Clarias gariepinus)的神经毒性,氧化应激生物标志物和血液学反应。

树脂颗粒和塑料来源的颗粒物在水生环境中乱扔垃圾,这会危害水生生物的健康。本研究调查了聚氯乙烯(PVC)微粒对非洲胡子Cl的血液参数,白细胞,脂质过氧化和抗氧化系统(大脑和腮)的影响。C. gariepinus是一种淡水指示剂,通常用作生态毒理学分析的模型。将鱼标本暴露于掺有以下浓度的PVC微粒(95.41±4.23μm)的日粮中;0.50%,1.50%和3.0%并控制饮食45天,然后进行持续30天的净化试验。每隔15天对血液和组织(脑​​和腮)进行采样,以进行血液学,抗氧化酶和脂质过氧化测定。获得的结果表明,PVC协调了血液学指标的显着变化。在所有浓度处理组中,平均细胞体积和平均细胞血红蛋白值均显着降低,并且是时间依赖性的。中性粒细胞计数随着PVC暴露时间的增加而减少,而淋巴细胞和单核细胞的值显示对照组和暴露鱼组之间无显着差异。与对照组相比,暴露组的大脑和g中的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性发生了显着变化。与对照组以及不同的暴露时间相比,暴露组的大脑和腮中的超氧化物歧化酶活性受到抑制。0.5%PVC暴露组的大脑中过氧化氢酶活性显着降低,并且在暴露组中,其in中的活性相对于对照没有显着变化,并且以时间依赖性方式降低。PVC暴露组的大脑脂质过氧化水平以剂量和时间依赖性显着增加。但是,PVC不会引起暴露鱼fish腮脂质过氧化水平的显着变化,但是随着暴露时间的增加,脂质过氧化水平会升高。随着暴露时间的增加,暴露鱼的大脑和g中的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性大大降低。血液学,抗氧化酶,脂质过氧化和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的变化表明了鱼的氧化应激和神经毒性。C. gariepinus是衡量PVC微粒对环境影响的必不可少的生物指示剂。
更新日期:2020-03-12
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