Owing to the smaller Stokes radius and desolvation energy of Na⁺ compared to those of Li⁺, an unusual ultralow-concentration electrolyte is proposed for Na-ion batteries to further reduce the cost and expand the working temperature range, benefiting from the low viscosity of a dilute electrolyte and the formed organic-dominated solid electrolyte interphase. The novel dilute electrolyte chemistry provides new solutions for the operation of rechargeable batteries under extreme conditions, which can accelerate the exploitation of low-cost and durable energy storage systems.

中文翻译：

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用于钠离子电池的超低浓度电解质

由于Na ^+的Stokes半径和去离子能比Li ^+小，因此提出了一种不寻常的超低浓度电解质用于Na离子电池，以进一步降低成本并扩大工作温度范围，这得益于Na ⁺的低粘度。稀电解质和形成的有机支配的固体电解质中间相。新颖的稀电解质化学技术为可充电电池在极端条件下的运行提供了新的解决方案，这可以加快低成本和耐用储能系统的开发速度。