3D printing is a rapidly growing research area, which significantly contributes to major innovations in various fields of engineering, science, and medicine. Although the scientific advancement of 3D printing technologies has enabled the development of complex geometries, there is still an increasing demand for innovative 3D printing techniques and materials to address the challenges in building speed and accuracy, surface finish, stability, and functionality. In this review, we introduce and review the recent developments in novel materials and 3D printing techniques to address the needs of the conventional 3D printing methodologies, especially in biomedical applications, such as printing speed, cell growth feasibility, and complex shape achievement. A comparative study of these materials and technologies with respect to the 3D printing parameters will be provided for selecting a suitable application-based 3D printing methodology. Discussion of the prospects of 3D printing materials and technologies will be finally covered.

中文翻译：

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生物医学应用中 3D 打印的材料和技术创新。

3D 打印是一个快速发展的研究领域，为工程、科学和医学各个领域的重大创新做出了重大贡献。尽管 3D 打印技术的科学进步使得复杂几何形状的开发成为可能，但对创新 3D 打印技术和材料的需求仍然不断增加，以应对构建速度和精度、表面光洁度、稳定性和功能方面的挑战。在这篇综述中，我们介绍和回顾了新型材料和 3D 打印技术的最新发展，以满足传统 3D 打印方法的需求，特别是在生物医学应用中，例如打印速度、细胞生长可行性和复杂形状的实现。将提供这些材料和技术在 3D 打印参数方面的比较研究，以选择合适的基于应用的 3D 打印方法。最后将讨论3D打印材料和技术的前景。