Eukaryotic chromatin is tightly packed into hierarchical structures, allowing appropriate gene transcription in response to environmental and developmental cues. Here, we provide a chromosome-scale de novo genome assembly of sesame with a total length of 292.3 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 20.5 Mb, containing estimated 28,406 coding genes using Pacific Biosciences long reads combined with a genome-wide chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) approach. Based on this high-quality reference genome, we detected changes in chromatin architectures between normal growth and dark-treated sesame seedlings. Gene expression level was significantly higher in 'A' compartment and topologically associated domain (TAD) boundary regions than in 'B' compartment and TAD interior regions, which is coincident with the enrichment of H4K3me3 modification in these regions. Moreover, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) induced by dark treated were enriched in the changed TAD-related regions and genomic differential contact regions. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of DEGs showed that genes related to 'response to stress' and 'photosynthesis' functional categories were enriched, which corresponds to dark treatment. These results suggested that chromatin organization is associated with gene transcription in response to dark treatment in sesame. Our results will facilitate the understanding of regulatory mechanisms in response to environmental cues in plants.

中文翻译：

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基于高质量基因组装配，染色质体系结构与油料芝麻中对黑暗处理的响应相关。

真核染色质紧密地堆积在层次结构中，从而可以根据环境和发育线索进行适当的基因转录。在这里，我们提供了芝麻的染色体级从头基因组组装，全长292.3 Mb，支架N50为20.5 Mb，使用Pacific Biosciences的长读本结合基因组范围的染色体构象捕获技术，包含了估计的28,406个编码基因。 -C）方法。基于这种高质量的参考基因组，我们检测了正常生长和深色处理芝麻幼苗之间染色质结构的变化。“ A”区和拓扑相关域（TAD）边界区域的基因表达水平明显高于“ B”区和TAD内部区域的基因表达水平，这与这些区域中H4K3me3修饰的富集相吻合。此外，通过黑暗处理诱导的差异表达基因（DEG）富集在变化的TAD相关区域和基因组差异接触区域。DEG的基因本体论（GO）富集分析表明，与“对压力响应”和“光合作用”功能类别相关的基因得到了富集，这与暗处理相对应。这些结果表明，染色质组织与芝麻黑暗处理中的基因转录有关。我们的结果将有助于理解对植物环境响应的调节机制。通过黑暗处理诱导的差异表达基因（DEG）富集在变化的TAD相关区域和基因组差异接触区域。DEG的基因本体论（GO）富集分析表明，与“对压力响应”和“光合作用”功能类别相关的基因得到了富集，这与暗处理相对应。这些结果表明，染色质组织与芝麻黑暗处理中的基因转录有关。我们的结果将有助于理解对植物环境响应的调节机制。通过黑暗处理诱导的差异表达基因（DEG）富集在变化的TAD相关区域和基因组差异接触区域。DEG的基因本体论（GO）富集分析表明，与“对压力响应”和“光合作用”功能类别相关的基因得到了富集，这与暗处理相对应。这些结果表明，染色质组织与芝麻中深色处理响应的基因转录有关。我们的结果将有助于理解对植物环境响应的调节机制。这些结果表明，染色质组织与芝麻黑暗处理中的基因转录有关。我们的结果将有助于理解对植物环境响应的调节机制。这些结果表明，染色质组织与芝麻黑暗处理中的基因转录有关。我们的结果将有助于理解对植物环境响应的调节机制。