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Hydroxypropyl-modified and organosolv lignin/bio-based polyamide blend filaments as carbon fibre precursors’
Journal of Materials Science ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-27 , DOI: 10.1007/s10853-020-04486-w
R. Muthuraj , A. R. Horrocks , B. K. Kandola

Hydroxypropyl-modified lignin (TcC) and organosolv lignin (TcA) were melt blended with two types of bio-based polyamides (PA) (PA1010 and PA1012) before being melt spun into filaments. With a lignin/bio-PA ratio 50/50 wt%, the filaments could be continuously produced and spooled having tensile strengths ≥ 20 MPa and moduli ≥ 500 MPa. The influence of each polyamide blended with each lignin on structural (FTIR), thermal (DSC, TGA, DMA), mechanical, rheological and morphological properties of the resultant extrudates and/or filaments was studied. The melting point of each polyamide was reduced in the presence of TcA and TcC lignin, and shifts in the glass transition temperature ( T g ) and FTIR characteristic peaks occurred, which suggests that the selected polyamides and lignins are compatible with each other. The improved lignin/polyamide compatibilities were further supported by Pukanszky interfacial adhesion modelling. Despite the evidence for strong interactions, heterogeneous morphologies were observed in the resulting blends and scanning electron microscopy was used to determine dispersed lignin domain sizes which decreased when stronger lignin/polyamide interactions resulted. As a possible indicator of carbonization efficiencies, blends were subjected to a simulated stabilization/cross-linking process and subsequent TGA char residues were higher than those theoretically calculated at 880 °C, indicating that the bio-polyamide acted as a char-promoting agent for the lignin besides being a good blending partner. Overall, this study has indicated that the developed lignin/bio-polyamide filaments have potential as melt-extrudable precursors for carbon fibre production.

中文翻译:

羟丙基改性和有机溶剂木质素/生物基聚酰胺共混长丝作为碳纤维前体

羟丙基改性木质素 (TcC) 和有机溶剂木质素 (TcA) 与两种生物基聚酰胺 (PA)(PA1010 和 PA1012)熔融共混,然后熔纺成长丝。木质素/生物 PA 的比例为 50/50 wt% 时,可以连续生产和卷绕拉伸强度≥20 MPa 和模量≥ 500 MPa 的长丝。研究了与每种木质素共混的每种聚酰胺对所得挤出物和/或长丝的结构(FTIR)、热(DSC、TGA、DMA)、机械、流变和形态特性的影响。在 TcA 和 TcC 木质素的存在下,每种聚酰胺的熔点降低,并且玻璃化转变温度 (T g ) 和 FTIR 特征峰发生了变化,这表明所选的聚酰胺和木质素相互兼容。Pukanszky 界面粘附建模进一步支持了改进的木质素/聚酰胺相容性。尽管有强烈相互作用的证据,但在所得混合物中观察到异质形态,并且使用扫描电子显微镜来确定分散的木质素域尺寸,当产生更强的木质素/聚酰胺相互作用时,该尺寸减小。作为碳化效率的可能指标,共混物经过模拟的稳定/交联过程,随后的 TGA 焦炭残留物高于 880 °C 时的理论计算值,表明生物聚酰胺作为焦炭促进剂木质素不仅是一个很好的混合伙伴。全面的,
更新日期:2020-02-27
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