Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed noncutaneous malignancy in US women, with an anticipated 276,480 cases in 2020.¹ Despite recent advances in detection and treatment, > 41,000 deaths are attributable to the disease each year.^1,2 Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have been shown to significantly reduce the risk of breast cancer in at-risk women,^3-7 but uptake of these agents in the prevention setting has been low. Studies in clinical settings show that only 8.7%-14.5% of at-risk women eligible for chemoprevention initiate a SERM or an AI^8,9 largely because of concerns about adverse effects, lack of interest in taking a medication, or disbelief about the increased risk of breast cancer.¹⁰ Low-dose tamoxifen may provide similar benefit in terms of cancer risk reduction with less toxicity, which potentially would create more enthusiasm for this approach, but this has not yet been tested in large-scale prevention trials.¹¹

中文翻译：

---

妇女健康倡议可以为预防乳腺癌注入新的生命吗？

乳腺癌是美国女性中最常被诊断出的非皮肤恶性肿瘤，预计到2020年将达到276,480例^。1尽管近年来在检测和治疗方面取得了进步，但每年仍有41,000多人死于该疾病。^1,2已显示选择性雌激素受体调节剂（SERMs）和芳香化酶抑制剂（AIs）可以显着降低高危女性患乳腺癌的风险，^3-7，但在预防环境中摄取这些药物的比例很低。临床研究表明，只有8.7％-14.5％的有资格进行化学预防的高风险女性会发起SERM或AI ^8,9主要是因为担心不良反应，对服用药物缺乏兴趣或怀疑乳腺癌风险增加。¹⁰低剂量他莫昔芬在降低癌症风险和降低毒性方面可能会提供相似的益处，这可能会激发人们对该方法的热情，但这尚未在大规模的预防试验中得到验证。¹¹