The rare ginsenosides are recognized as the functionalized molecules after the oral administration of Panax ginseng and its products. The sources of rare ginsenosides are extremely limited because of low ginsenoside contents in wild plants, hindering their application in functional foods and drugs. We developed an effective combinatorial biotechnology approach including tissue culture, immobilization, and hydrolyzation methods. Rh2 and nine other rare ginsenosides were produced by methyl jasmonate-induced culture of adventitious roots in a 10 L bioreactor associated with enzymatic hydrolysis using six β-glycosidases and their combination with yields ranging from 5.54 to 32.66 mg L-1 . The yield of Rh2 was furthermore increased by 7% by using immobilized BglPm and Bgp1 in optimized pH and temperature conditions, with the highest yield reaching 51.17 mg L-1 (17.06% of protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides mixture). Our combinatorial biotechnology method provides a highly efficient approach to acquiring diverse rare ginsenosides, replacing direct extraction from Panax plants, and can also be used to supplement yeast cell factories.

中文翻译：

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使用组合生物技术高效生产多种稀有人参皂苷。

稀有人参皂苷被认为是人参及其制品口服后的功能化分子。由于野生植物中人参皂苷含量低，稀有人参皂苷的来源极为有限，阻碍了其在功能性食品和药物中的应用。我们开发了一种有效的组合生物技术方法，包括组织培养、固定化和水解方法。Rh2 和其他九种稀有人参皂苷是通过茉莉酸甲酯诱导的不定根培养物在 10 L 生物反应器中与使用六种 β-糖苷酶及其组合的酶水解相关的培养物产生的，产量范围为 5.54 至 32.66 mg L-1。在优化的 pH 和温度条件下，使用固定化 BglPm 和 Bgp1，Rh2 的产率进一步提高了 7%，最高产率达到 51。17 mg L-1（原人参二醇型人参皂苷混合物的 17.06%）。我们的组合生物技术方法提供了一种高效的方法来获取多种稀有人参皂苷，取代从人参植物中直接提取，也可用于补充酵母细胞工厂。