It is of great scientific significance to reveal the flow characteristics of dentiform emitters and to optimize the channel structure of emitters to improve the anti-clogging properties of emitters, which contribute to improving the working performance of irrigation systems. The study was carried out using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, combined with the physical test in the laboratory. First, this paper analyzes the distributions of flow velocity, kinetic energy in turbulence, and physical particle trajectories inside the different structural emitters based on CFD simulations, and based on the simulation results, a dentiform emitter optimization scheme was proposed, and two-channel structures, including the structurally improved emitter, were arranged to conduct indoor tests for verification. The result shows that the maximum kinetic energy in turbulence in the flow channel appeared in the main flow area and that the area of strongest energy dissipation in turbulence was at the tooth tip. The main flow area was largest for the emitter with the triangular channel, and the turbulence energy of the low-speed region was highest for the circular trapezoidal structure. The results suggested a scheme for further optimization of the dentiform emitter. For the optimized channel structure, the maximum value of turbulent kinetic energy was increased by about 19–101% compared with the other four flow channels. The area of the main flow region and the kinetic energy in turbulence in the low-speed area in the emitter were increased. In addition, the range of kinetic energy in turbulence was increased by 52–200% in the low-speed region of the channel. The transport rate of physical particles was increased, and the transport distance and residence time of the particles were reduced. The physical test results show that the optimized channel structure emitter achieved a decrease in the clogging probability compared with the other four structures. Therefore, increasing the area of the main flow region and the low-speed area in the flow channel is an effective physical way of physically improving the anti-clogging performance of the emitter.

中文翻译：

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牙形迷宫式发射器防堵塞性能优化

揭示齿状滴头的流动特性，优化滴头的通道结构，提高滴头的抗堵塞性能，有助于提高灌溉系统的工作性能，具有重要的科学意义。该研究使用计算流体动力学 (CFD) 模拟并结合实验室中的物理测试进行。首先，本文基于CFD模拟分析了不同结构发射器内部的流速、湍流动能和物理粒子轨迹的分布，并根据模拟结果提出了齿状发射器优化方案，双通道结构，包括结构改进的发射器，被安排进行室内测试以进行验证。结果表明，流道中湍流的最大动能出现在主流区，湍流耗能最强的区域在齿尖。三角形通道的发射器的主流面积最大，圆形梯形结构的低速区湍流能量最高。结果提出了进一步优化牙形发射器的方案。对于优化的通道结构，与其他四个流道相比，湍流动能的最大值增加了约19-101%。喷头内主流区面积和低速区湍流动能增加。此外，在通道的低速区域，湍流中的动能范围增加了 52-200%。提高了物理颗粒的传输速率，减少了颗粒的传输距离和停留时间。物理测试结果表明，优化后的通道结构发射器与其他四种结构相比，堵塞概率有所降低。因此，增加流道内主流区和低速区的面积是物理提高滴头抗堵塞性能的有效物理途径。物理测试结果表明，优化后的通道结构发射器与其他四种结构相比，堵塞概率有所降低。因此，增加流道内主流区和低速区的面积是物理提高滴头抗堵塞性能的有效物理途径。物理测试结果表明，优化后的通道结构发射器与其他四种结构相比，堵塞概率有所降低。因此，增加流道内主流区和低速区的面积是物理提高滴头抗堵塞性能的有效物理途径。