Alongside a mean global rise in temperature, climate change predictions point to an increase in heat waves and an associated rise in heat-related mortality. This suggests a growing need to ensure buildings are resilient to such events. Unfortunately, there is no agreed way of doing this, and no standard set of heatwaves for scientists or engineers to use. In addition, in all cases, heat waves are defined in terms of external conditions, yet, as the Paris heat wave of 2003 showed, people die in the industrialised world from the conditions inside buildings, not those outside. In this work, we reverse engineer external temperature time series from monitored conditions within a representative set of buildings during a heat wave. This generates a general probabilistic analytical relationship between internal and external heatwaves and thereby a standard set of events for testing resilience. These heat waves are by their simplicity ideal for discussions between clients and designers, or for the setting of national building codes. In addition, they provide a new framework for the declaration of a health emergency.

除了全球平均温度升高外，气候变化预测还表明热浪将增加，并且与热相关的死亡率也随之增加。这表明，越来越需要确保建筑物能够应对此类事件。不幸的是，目前尚无达成共识的方法，也没有一套标准的热波供科学家或工程师使用。此外，在所有情况下，热浪都是根据外部条件定义的，但是，正如2003年巴黎热浪所表明的那样，在工业化世界中，人们死于建筑物内部的条件，而不是外部条件。在这项工作中，我们在热浪期间从一组代表性建筑物中的监视条件对工程师的外部温度时间序列进行逆向工程。这会在内部和外部热波之间产生一般的概率分析关系，从而生成一组标准的事件以测试弹性。这些热浪因其简单性而非常适合客户和设计师之间的讨论或制定国家建筑规范。此外，它们为宣布突发卫生事件提供了新的框架。