The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a non-cellular and three-dimensional structure, constituted by a macromolecular dynamic network that involves the cells in all animal tissues, including embryonic ones. Several studies with vertebrates and cell cultures have reported deleterious effects of ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation on the components associated with the ECM. However, studies focusing on the UVB radiation effects on ECM components of crustaceans during embryonic development are very scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the coding sequences of components associated with the ECM and to evaluate the effect of UVB radiation on embryos of the ecologically-important decapod Macrobrachium olfersii. To evaluate the modulation of these ECM components during embryonic development, the transcript levels of Col4α1, Itgβ, Lamα, Mmp1 and Timp in M. olfersii embryos were analyzed at early developmental stages (E1, E3 and E4), intermediate developmental stage (E7) and late developmental stages (E10 and E14). In addition, embryos at E7, which correspond to a landmark of crustacean development, were analyzed after 12 h of UVB exposure to verify UVB effects on the ECM components. The ECM component sequences were similar to other decapods, suggesting conservation of these genes among crustaceans. The results showed modulations of the ECM components of M. olfersii embryos that reflect the need for each component in the cellular mechanisms, necessary for normal embryonic development. After UVB exposure, embryos showed opacity of embryonic tissues and it was found the overexpression of Col4α1, Itgβ, Mmp1 and Timp transcript levels (1.82-, 1.52-, 2.34- and 6.27-fold, respectively). These impairments can compromise important events for normal embryonic development, such as growth of optic lobes, caudal papilla, ramification of appendages and differentiation of organic systems. The results presented here, together with the effects on morphology, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis demonstrated previously, strengthen the knowledge of the complex impacts of UVB radiation on freshwater embryos. Nevertheless, our results encourage further investigations focusing on the assessment of UVB effects on different organisms in order to better understand the myriad of UVB effects on ECM components.

中文翻译：

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紫外线B辐射诱导了十足足Macro的胚胎中与细胞外基质相关的成分的转录调节。

细胞外基质（ECM）是一种非细胞的三维结构，由高分子动态网络组成，该网络涉及所有动物组织（包括胚胎组织）中的细胞。有关脊椎动物和细胞培养的一些研究报告了紫外线B（UVB）辐射对与ECM相关的组件的有害影响。但是，针对UVB辐射对胚胎发育期间甲壳类动物的ECM成分的研究很少。因此，本研究的目的是鉴定与ECM相关的组分的编码序列，并评估UVB辐射对生态上十分重要的十足纲Macro（Macrobrachium olfersii）胚胎的影响。为了评估这些ECM成分在胚胎发育过程中的调节，Col4α1，Itgβ，Lamα，在早期发育阶段（E1，E3和E4），中期发育阶段（E7）和后期发育阶段（E10和E14）分析了M. olfersii胚胎中的Mmp1和Timp。此外，在暴露于UVB 12小时后，分析了E7处对应于甲壳类动物发展的标志的胚胎，以验证UVB对ECM组件的影响。ECM成分序列与其他十足动物相似，表明这些基因在甲壳动物中具有保守性。结果表明，M。olfersii胚胎的ECM组分的调节反映了正常胚胎发育所必需的细胞机制中每个组分的需要。UVB暴露后，胚胎显示出胚胎组织不透明，并且发现Col4α1，Itgβ，Mmp1和Timp转录水平的过表达（分别为1.82、1.52、2.34和6.27倍）。这些损伤会损害正常胚胎发育的重要事件，例如视裂叶的生长，尾状乳头，附肢的分支和有机系统的分化。此处介绍的结果以及先前证明的对形态，细胞增殖，分化和凋亡的影响，加深了对UVB辐射对淡水胚胎的复杂影响的认识。但是，我们的结果鼓励进一步研究，重点是评估UVB对不同生物的影响，以便更好地了解无数UVB对ECM组件的影响。连同先前证明的对形态，细胞增殖，分化和凋亡的影响，加深了对UVB辐射对淡水胚胎的复杂影响的认识。然而，我们的结果鼓励进一步的研究集中在评估UVB对不同生物的影响上，以便更好地了解无数UVB对ECM组件的影响。连同先前证明的对形态，细胞增殖，分化和凋亡的影响，加深了对UVB辐射对淡水胚胎的复杂影响的认识。然而，我们的结果鼓励进一步的研究集中在评估UVB对不同生物的影响上，以便更好地了解无数UVB对ECM组件的影响。