The secondary metabolites produced by Fusarium can cause disease and death when consumed and produce biological responses even in the absence of the microorganism. The IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1 cytokines immune reactivity was associated with histopathological and physico-chemical changes in skin of immune competent rats after administration of Fusarium oxysporum crude extract. Rats were intradermally injected with 50 μl of 0.5 mg/ml crude extract and were euthanized at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after injection. The inflammatory response was quantified by enzyme myeloperoxidase activity and by immunohistochemical method to detect the IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1. Physico-chemical analysis was performed using FT-Raman Spectroscopy. The inflammatory response was most intense at 6 and 12 h after crude extract administration and the most significant histopathological changes were observed in the dermis. Myeloperoxidase activity was intense from 3 to 24 h after injection. The immunostaining of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α peaked at 6 h. Immunostaining for TGF-β1 was highest at 12 and 24 h. FT-Raman spectral analysis showed both, the most intense Fusarium interaction with the skin at 6 h, as revealed by the changes in the stretching of –CH bands (3100–2800 cm⁻¹) in the dermis, and skin recovery trending after 12 h after crude extract injection. The results showed that secondary metabolites stimulated histopathologic changes and inflammatory responses even in the absence of the fungus, increasing myeloperoxidase activity and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression besides promoting physico-chemical changes.

镰刀菌产生的次生代谢产物被消耗时会导致疾病和死亡，甚至在没有微生物的情况下也会产生生物学反应。施用尖孢镰刀菌后，免疫活性大鼠皮肤中IL-6，TNF-α和TGF-β1细胞因子的免疫反应与组织病理学和理化变化有关粗提物。给大鼠皮内注射50μl0.5 mg / ml粗提物，并在注射后3、6、12和24 h安乐死。通过酶过氧化物酶活性和免疫组织化学方法定量检测炎症反应，以检测IL-6，TNF-α和TGF-β1。使用FT-拉曼光谱法进行理化分析。粗提物给药后6和12 h，炎症反应最为强烈，在真皮中观察到最明显的组织病理学变化。注射后3至24小时，髓过氧化物酶活性强烈。促炎细胞因子IL-6和TNF-α的免疫染色在6小时达到峰值。TGF-β1的免疫染色在12和24 h最高。FT-拉曼光谱分析显示，最强的镰刀菌真皮中–CH波段（3100–2800 cm ^-1）的拉伸变化以及注射粗提物注射后12 h后的皮肤恢复趋势表明，在6 h内与皮肤发生了相互作用。结果表明，即使在没有真菌的情况下，次生代谢产物仍能刺激组织病理学变化和炎症反应，除了促进理化变化外，还增加了髓过氧化物酶活性和促炎性细胞因子的表达。