The porous material adsorbent X zeolite was prepared by using agricultural waste rice hull ash (RHA) and modified by ion-exchange into the rare earth metal zeolite of La and Ce. A series of characterization results, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, N₂ adsorption–desorption and pore size analysis, illustrated the effects of ion exchange modification on crystal, pore structure and morphology. The CO₂ adsorption experiment was operated, and the adsorption amount of NaX and LaLiX was 6.14 and 4.36 mmol/g at atmospheric pressure, respectively. Three isotherm models were used to fit the pressure swing adsorption data. The Toth and DSL models were more accurate due to their ability to express heterogeneity. The isosteric heat and selectivity were obtained by the corresponding models and calculations. The results explained the mechanism of heat and gas uptake during adsorption and desorption. The CO₂/N₂ selectivity of LaNaX has enhanced more than three times. All modified zeolite samples maintained above 96.5% of initial adsorption after 20 adsorption–desorption cycles. The adsorption heat releases properties and long-term stability of the modified zeolite are superior. It demonstrates that such adsorbents can be used for long-term capture and separation of CO₂ from the industrial exhaust gas.

利用农业废稻壳灰（RHA）制备了多孔材料吸附剂X沸石，并通过离子交换将其改性为La和Ce的稀土金属沸石。X射线衍射，傅立叶变换红外光谱，扫描电子显微镜，N ₂吸附-解吸和孔径分析等一系列表征结果说明了离子交换改性对晶体，孔结构和形貌的影响。一氧化碳₂进行吸附实验，在大气压下NaX和LaLiX的吸附量分别为6.14和4.36 mmol / g。使用了三个等温线模型来拟合变压吸附数据。Toth和DSL模型由于表达异质性的能力而更加准确。等排热和选择性是通过相应的模型和计算获得的。结果解释了吸附和解吸过程中热量和气体吸收的机理。CO ₂ / N ₂LaNaX的选择性提高了三倍以上。在20个吸附-解吸循环之后，所有改性沸石样品均保持在初始吸附的96.5％以上。改性沸石的吸附放热性能和长期稳定性优异。它证明了这种吸附剂可用于从工业废气中长期捕获和分离CO ₂。