Dietary patterns, microbiome dysbiosis, and gut microbial metabolites (GMMs) have a pivotal role in the homeostasis of intestinal epithelial cells and in disease progression, such as that of colorectal cancer (CRC). Although GMMs and microorganisms have crucial roles in many biological activities, models for deciphering diet-microbiome-host relationships are largely limited to animal models. Thus, intestinal organoids (IOs) have provided unprecedented opportunities for the generation of in vitro platforms with the sufficient level of complexity to model physiological and pathological diet-microbiome-host conditions. Overall, IO responses to GMM metabolites and microorganisms can provide new insights into the mechanisms by which those agents may prevent or trigger diseases, significantly extending our knowledge of diet-microbiome-host interactions.

中文翻译：

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肠道类器官：模拟饮食-微生物组-宿主相互作用的工具

饮食模式、微生物群失调和肠道微生物代谢物 (GMM) 在肠道上皮细胞的稳态和疾病进展中具有关键作用，例如结直肠癌 (CRC)。尽管 GMM 和微生物在许多生物活动中起着至关重要的作用，但破译饮食-微生物组-宿主关系的模型在很大程度上仅限于动物模型。因此，肠道类器官（IOs）为体外平台的生成提供了前所未有的机会，其具有足够的复杂性来模拟生理和病理饮食-微生物组-宿主条件。总体而言，对 GMM 代谢物和微生物的 IO 反应可以为这些药物预防或引发疾病的机制提供新的见解，显着扩展我们对饮食-微生物组-宿主相互作用的了解。