Two-dimensional (2D) materials with a nanoscale thickness are promising candidates for advanced molecular separations. MXenes are cutting-edge 2D materials, which have been extensively explored and applied in high performance molecular separations. Due to their remarkable flexibility, hydrophilic surface, high mechanical strength, and good electrical conductivity, the MXene family of materials has unique advantages in a wide range of membrane-based separation processes, such as gas separation, pervaporation, desalination, and solvent/water separation. In this review, recent advances in the design of MXene-based membranes and their applications in molecular separations are highlighted. The current synthetic strategies and structures of MXenes are described; based on these, the key parameters that affect the MXene properties are identified. Then, the fabrication methods of MXene-based membranes and their ground-breaking separation applications are reviewed. Despite the remaining challenges, the vigorous development of MXene materials offers a new avenue for the design of novel membranes for precise and effective separation.

中文翻译：

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基于MXene的分子分离膜

具有纳米级厚度的二维（2D）材料是用于高级分子分离的有前途的候选物。MXenes是最先进的2D材料，已被广泛探索并应用于高性能分子分离。由于其出色的柔韧性，亲水性表面，高机械强度和良好的导电性，MXene系列材料在各种基于膜的分离工艺中具有独特的优势，例如气体分离，全蒸发，脱盐和溶剂/水分离。在这篇综述中，着重介绍了基于MXene的膜设计及其在分子分离中的应用的最新进展。描述了MXenes的当前合成策略和结构；基于这些，确定影响MXene属性的关键参数。然后，综述了基于MXene的膜的制备方法及其突破性的分离应用。尽管仍然存在挑战，但MXene材料的蓬勃发展为新型膜的设计提供了新途径，以实现精确，有效的分离。