Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer that affects women worldwide. It has been and remains the leading cause of cancer mortality among women in Ghana. Despite the fact that cervical cancer is preventable through early detection and treatment of precancerous lesions, anecdotal evidence from gynaecological clinics in Ghana indicates that most patients present with a late stage of the disease. This study assesses the cervical cancer screening practices among women in Ghana. Data from the World Health Organization’s (WHO) multi-country Study on AGEing and adult health (SAGE) wave 2 conducted between 2014 and 2015 in Ghana was used. We employed binary logistic regression models to analyse data on 2711 women to examine factors associated with having pelvic examination among women aged ≥18 years. Among those who had pelvic examination, we applied binary logistic regression models to analyse factors associated with receiving Pap smear test as a subgroup analysis. Of the 2711 women aged 18 years or older surveyed, 225 (8.3%) had ever had a pelvic examination and only 66 (2.4%) of them reported ever having done a Pap smear test. For those who had pelvic examination, only 26.94% had Pap smear test. Ethnic group, marital status, father’s educational level and difficulty with self-care were independently associated with undergoing pelvic examination. Only age and healthcare involvement were independently associated with pelvic examination within the past 5 years to the survey. Marital status, satisfaction with healthcare and healthcare involvement were independently associated with Pap smear test. Even though cervical cancer is preventable through early detection of precancerous lesions using Pap smear test, the patronage of this screening test is still very low in Ghana. Factors influencing the low patronage in Ghana include the marital status of women, their level of satisfaction with healthcare as well as their level of involvement with healthcare. These may be the consequences of a weak health system and the lack of a national policy on cervical cancer screening.

中文翻译：

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加纳妇女宫颈癌筛查实践：世界卫生组织关于全球老龄化和成人健康研究的第二波证据。

宫颈癌是影响全球女性的第三大常见癌症。它一直是加纳妇女癌症死亡的主要原因。尽管通过早期发现和治疗癌前病变可以预防子宫颈癌，但加纳妇科诊所的轶事证据表明，大多数患者都处于疾病晚期。这项研究评估了加纳妇女的宫颈癌筛查实践。使用了世界卫生组织（WHO）2014年至2015年在加纳进行的第二次衰老和成人健康（SAGE）多国研究的数据。我们采用二进制逻辑回归模型分析了2711名女性的数据，以检查与18岁以上女性进行骨盆检查相关的因素。在接受骨盆检查的人中 我们应用二元logistic回归模型来分析与接受子宫颈抹片检查相关的因素作为子组分析。在接受调查的2711名18岁或18岁以上的女性中，有225名（8.3％）曾经接受过骨盆检查，其中只有66名（2.4％）曾进行过巴氏涂片检查。对于那些进行了骨盆检查的人，只有26.94％的人进行了子宫颈抹片检查。族裔，婚姻状况，父亲的教育程度和自理困难与接受骨盆检查独立相关。在调查的过去5年中，只有年龄和医疗保健参与与骨盆检查独立相关。婚姻状况，对医疗保健的满意度和对医疗保健的参与与巴氏涂片检查独立相关。尽管通过使用子宫颈抹片检查早期发现癌前病变可以预防子宫颈癌，但在加纳，这项筛查检查的支持率仍然很低。影响加纳游客量少的因素包括妇女的婚姻状况，她们对医疗保健的满意度以及她们对医疗保健的参与程度。这些可能是卫生系统薄弱和缺乏宫颈癌筛查国家政策的后果。