The problem of nonadherence to therapy is a key reason of insufficient asthma control. Evaluating the beliefs about asthma medication, cognitive and emotional perceptions may help to identify patients with poor adherence to treatment in clinical practice which need additional attention in order to increase the likelihood of them taking their asthma medication according to the prescribed treatment protocol. The purpose of this study is to assess whether beliefs about asthma medication, cognitive and emotional factors are related to poor treatment adherence of asthma medication in a sample of asthma patients in Latvia. Study subjects were asthma patients attending outpatient pulmonologist consultations in Latvia during September 2013 to December 2015. Beliefs about asthma medicine, cognitive and emotional factors related to asthma were determined in a cross-sectional, self-administered survey. The validated Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (brief IPQ) were used. Treatment adherence was assessed using 5-item version of the Medication Adherence Reporting Scale (MARS). The total sample size was 352 patients. Logistic regression models were used to predict poor adherence to asthma treatment. The validity of each logistic regression model was assessed by the Hosmer/Lemeshow test. The main outcome measure was self-reported adherence to treatment. The more the patients agreed with the statement “My future health depends on my asthma medication” the lower the possibility of poor adherence to asthma treatment (OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.24–0.74). The more concerned the patients were in regard to long-term effects of their medication (OR 2; 95% CI 1.22–3.27), the higher the probability of poor treatment adherence. Screening asthma patients using the BMQ may help to identify those to benefit from interventions targeting their concerns and medication beliefs in order to improve adherence to asthma medication.

中文翻译：

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拉脱维亚哮喘患者依从性差的相关因素

治疗不依从性问题是哮喘控制不足的一个关键原因。评估关于哮喘药物的信念、认知和情绪感知可能有助于识别临床实践中治疗依从性差的患者，这些患者需要额外关注，以增加他们根据规定的治疗方案服用哮喘药物的可能性。本研究的目的是评估关于哮喘药物、认知和情绪因素的信念是否与拉脱维亚哮喘患者样本中哮喘药物治疗依从性差有关。研究对象是 2013 年 9 月至 2015 年 12 月在拉脱维亚就诊的哮喘患者。与哮喘相关的认知和情绪因素是在一项横断面、自我管理的调查中确定的。使用了经过验证的关于药物问卷 (BMQ) 的信念和简要疾病认知问卷 (简要 IPQ)。使用 5 项版本的药物依从性报告量表 (MARS) 评估治疗依从性。总样本量为 352 名患者。逻辑回归模型用于预测哮喘治疗依从性差。每个逻辑回归模型的有效性通过 Hosmer/Lemeshow 检验进行评估。主要结局指标是自我报告的治疗依从性。患者越同意“我未来的健康取决于我的哮喘药物”这一说法，哮喘治疗依从性差的可能性就越低（OR 0.42；95% CI 0.24–0.74）。患者越关注其药物的长期影响（OR 2；95% CI 1.22-3.27），治疗依从性差的可能性就越高。使用 BMQ 筛查哮喘患者可能有助于确定那些从针对他们的担忧和药物信念的干预措施中受益的人，以提高对哮喘药物的依从性。