The global transition to a low-carbon economy will involve changes in material markets and supply chains on a hitherto unknown scale and scope. With these changes come numerous challenges and opportunities related to supply chain security and sustainability. To help support decision-making as well as future research, this study employs a problem-oriented perspective while reviewing academic publications, technical reports, legal documents, and published industry data to highlight the increasingly interconnected nature of material needs and geopolitical change. The paper considers a broad set of issues including technologies, material supplies, investment strategies, communal concerns, innovations, modeling considerations, and policy trends to help contextualize policy decisions and regulatory responses. Policy options are outlined for each topical section, as well as areas for further research. Together, these recommendations serve to help guide the complex, interdisciplinary approach to materials required for a low-carbon transition.

向低碳经济的全球过渡将涉及材料市场和供应链的变化，其规模和范围是迄今未知的。这些变化带来了与供应链安全性和可持续性相关的众多挑战和机遇。为了帮助支持决策和未来研究，本研究采用了以问题为导向的观点，同时审查了学术出版物，技术报告，法律文件和已发布的行业数据，以强调物质需求和地缘政治变化之间日益相互联系的性质。本文考虑了一系列广泛的问题，包括技术，物料供应，投资策略，公共关注，创新，建模注意事项和政策趋势，以帮助将政策决策和监管对策进行情境化。针对每个主题部分以及需要进一步研究的领域概述了策略选项。这些建议一起有助于指导针对低碳转型所需材料的复杂，跨学科方法。