Fire is a powerful ecological and evolutionary force. Animals that modify drivers of fire behaviour could therefore have far-reaching effects on ecosystems. Yet, with a few notable exceptions, effects of animals on fire have been often overlooked. We show how animals can affect fire behaviour by modifying the amount, structure, or condition of fuel or, more rarely, by altering other controls on fire such as wind speed or ignition patterns. Some effects are readily observed and quantified. Others are more subtle but could be considerable when accumulated over time, space, and animal taxa. A combination of manipulative experiments, landscape studies, and multiscale fire models will be necessary to understand the consequences of widespread changes in animal populations for landscape fire.

火是强大的生态和进化力量。因此，改变着火行为驱动力的动物可能对生态系统产生深远的影响。然而，除了少数值得注意的例外，动物在火上的影响常常被忽视。我们展示了动物如何通过改变燃料的数量，结构或状况，或者通过改变对火的其他控制（例如风速或点火方式）来影响火的行为。某些影响易于观察和量化。其他的则比较微妙，但随着时间，空间和动物分类的积累而变得相当可观。为了理解动物种群的广泛变化对景观火造成的后果，有必要将操纵性实验，景观研究和多尺度火灾模型结合起来。