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The mechanism and regulation of vesicular glutamate transport: Coordination with the synaptic vesicle cycle.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183259
Jacob Eriksen 1 , Fei Li 1 , Robert H Edwards 1
Affiliation  

The transport of classical neurotransmitters into synaptic vesicles generally relies on a H+ electrochemical gradient (∆μH+). Synaptic vesicle uptake of glutamate depends primarily on the electrical component ∆ψ as the driving force, rather than the chemical component ∆pH. However, the vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) belong to the solute carrier 17 (SLC17) family, which includes closely related members that function as H+ cotransporters. Recent work has also shown that the VGLUTs undergo allosteric regulation by H+ and Cl-, and exhibit an associated Cl- conductance. These properties appear to coordinate VGLUT activity with the large ionic shifts that accompany the rapid recycling of synaptic vesicles driven by neural activity. Recent structural information also suggests common mechanisms that underlie the apparently divergent function of SLC17 family members, and that confer allosteric regulation.

中文翻译:

囊泡谷氨酸转运的机制和调节:与突触囊泡循环的协调。

经典神经递质向突触小泡的转运通常依赖于 H+ 电化学梯度 (ΔμH+)。突触囊泡对谷氨酸的摄取主要取决于作为驱动力的电子成分 Δψ,而不是化学成分 ΔpH。然而,囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白 (VGLUT) 属于溶质载体 17 (SLC17) 家族,其中包括作为 H+ 协同转运蛋白的密切相关成员。最近的工作还表明 VGLUTs 受到 H+ 和 Cl- 的变构调节,并表现出相关的 Cl- 电导。这些特性似乎将 VGLUT 活动与伴随神经活动驱动的突触囊泡快速回收的大离子变化协调起来。
更新日期:2020-04-20
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