Over the last few decades, advances in ovarian hormonal stimulation, embryology laboratory technologies and embryo genetic testing, have significantly enhanced clinical outcomes in human assisted reproduction technologies (ART). However, embryo implantation remains a major bottleneck in achieving better pregnancy and live birth rates. Thus, there is growing interest in establishing new approaches to enhance implantation efficiency after embryo transfer. With advanced molecular techniques, many promising biomarkers associated with embryonic and endometrial changes occurring prior to and during embryo implantation have been identified. However, despite the progress in applying novel procedures into IVF practice, clinical evaluation of those biomarkers has so far reached modest predictive value for enhancing blastocyst developmental potential and endometrial receptivity. Therefore, other simpler strategies have also been introduced to increase the rates of successful clinical pregnancies and live births. One of these approaches is to investigate the impact of using embryo transfer medium containing high concentrations of an adherence compound, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on IVF outcomes. Additionally, intrauterine infusion of a small volume of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) at the time of embryo transfer (ET) has also been proposed as a technique that might be advantageous for increasing the clinical outcomes, considering the fact that hCG plays a critical role in synchronizing endometrial and fetal development. However, the current findings from both interventions remain controversial, demonstrating a mixture of positive and indifferent results of these treatments in ART cycles. Further research will be crucial for a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of cross-talk between the blastocyst and the maternal endometrium during the optimal implantation period when using either hyaluronan-enriched medium or hCG infusion before embryo transfers. Therefore, this review aims to present existing literature related to both treatments, emphasizing their effects on blastocyst implantation.Abbreviations: ART: assisted reproduction technologies; HA: hyaluronic acid; hCG: human chorionic gonadotrophin; IVF: in vitro Fertilization; ET: embryo transfer; pH: hydrogen ions; CO2: Carbone dioxide; O2: Oxygen; PGT: pre-implantation genetic testing; FET: frozen embryo transfer; PCOS: Polycystic ovarian syndrome; DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; miRNA: micro-ribonucleic acid; EVs: extracellular vesicles; ERA: endometrial receptivity array; CD44 and RHAMM: primary hyaluronan surface receptors; RCT: randomized clinical trials; LBR: life birth rate; CPR: clinical pregnancy rate; IR: implantation rate.

中文翻译：

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透明质酸丰富的培养基和子宫内输注人绒毛膜促性腺激素对囊胚转移周期临床结果的影响。

在过去的几十年中，卵巢激素刺激，胚胎学实验室技术和胚胎基因检测的进步大大增强了人类辅助生殖技术（ART）的临床疗效。但是，胚胎植入仍然是实现更好的妊娠率和活产率的主要瓶颈。因此，人们对建立新的方法以提高胚胎移植后的植入效率越来越感兴趣。利用先进的分子技术，已经发现了与胚胎植入之前和期间发生的胚胎和子宫内膜变化相关的许多有前途的生物标记。但是，尽管在将新程序应用于IVF实践方面取得了进展，迄今为止，这些生物标志物的临床评估对于提高胚泡的发育潜力和子宫内膜的接受能力已达到适度的预测价值。因此，还引入了其他更简单的策略来增加成功的临床妊娠和活产婴儿的比率。这些方法之一是研究使用含有高浓度粘附化合物（如透明质酸（HA））的胚胎移植培养基对IVF结果的影响。此外，考虑到hCG发挥关键作用这一事实，还提出了在胚胎移植（ET）时向子宫内输注少量人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）作为一种可能有助于提高临床疗效的技术。同步子宫内膜和胎儿的发育。然而，两种干预措施的当前结果仍存在争议，证明了这些治疗在ART周期中既有积极结果又有冷漠结果。当在胚胎移植前使用富含透明质酸的培养基或hCG输注时，进一步的研究对于更好地了解胚泡与母体子宫内膜在最佳植入期之间的串扰的分子机制至关重要。因此，本综述旨在介绍与这两种疗法有关的现有文献，强调它们对胚泡着床的影响。HA：透明质酸；hCG：人绒毛膜促性腺激素；试管婴儿：体外受精；ET：胚胎移植；pH：氢离子；二氧化碳：二氧化碳；O2：氧气；PGT：植入前基因检测；场效应管：冷冻胚胎移植；PCOS：多囊卵巢综合征；DNA：脱氧核糖核酸；miRNA：微核糖核酸；电动汽车：细胞外囊泡；ERA：子宫内膜容受性阵列；CD44和RHAMM：主要的透明质酸表面受体；RCT：随机临床试验；LBR：生命出生率；CPR：临床妊娠率；IR：植入率。