Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genetic markers are abundant in sewage and highly human-specific, suggesting a great potential for the environmental application as human fecal pollution indicators. Limited data are available on the occurrence and co-occurrence of human mtDNA with fecal bacterial markers in surface waters, and how the abundance of these markers is influenced by rain events. A 1-year sampling study was conducted in a suburban watershed impacted by human sewage contamination to evaluate the performance of a human mtDNA-based marker along with the bacterial genetic markers for human-associated Bacteroidales (BacHum and HF183) and Escherichia coli. Additionally, the human mtDNA-based assay was correlated with rain events and other markers. The mtDNA marker was detected in 92% of samples (n = 140) with a mean concentration of 2.96 log10 copies/100 ml throughout the study period. Human mtDNA was detected with greater abundance than human-associated Bacteroidales that could be attributed to differences in the decay of these markers in the environment. The abundance of all markers was positively correlated with rain events, and human mtDNA abundance was significantly correlated with various bacterial markers. In general, these results should support future risk assessment for impacted watersheds, particularly those affected by human fecal pollution, by evaluating the performance of these markers during rain events.

中文翻译：

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使用人类线粒体DNA以及与一般和人类相关的粪便遗传标记的相关性，检测环境水中的人类粪便污染。

人类线粒体DNA（mtDNA）遗传标记物在污水中含量很高，并且具有高度的人类特异性，这表明将其作为人类粪便污染指标在环境应用方面具有巨大潜力。关于人类mtDNA与粪便细菌标记物在地表水中的发生和共存以及雨水事件如何影响这些标记物的丰度，目前尚缺乏有限的数据。在受人类污水污染影响的郊区流域进行了为期1年的抽样研究，以评估基于人类mtDNA的标记以及与人类相关的拟杆菌（BacHum和HF183）和大肠杆菌的细菌遗传标记的性能。此外，基于人类mtDNA的检测与降雨事件和其他标记相关。在92％的样品（n = 140）中检测到mtDNA标记物，平均浓度为2。在整个研究期间，每100毫升96个log10拷贝。检测到的人类mtDNA的丰度要高于与人类相关的拟杆菌，这可能归因于这些标记在环境中衰减的差异。所有标记的丰度与降雨事件呈正相关，而人类mtDNA的丰度与各种细菌标记呈显着相关。一般而言，这些结果应通过评估降雨事件期间这些标记的性能，来支持对受影响的流域（尤其是受人类粪便污染影响的流域）进行未来风险评估。所有标记的丰度与降雨事件呈正相关，而人类mtDNA的丰度与各种细菌标记呈显着相关。一般而言，这些结果应通过评估降雨事件期间这些标记的性能，来支持对受影响的流域（尤其是受人类粪便污染影响的流域）进行未来风险评估。所有标记的丰度与降雨事件呈正相关，而人类mtDNA的丰度与各种细菌标记呈显着相关。一般而言，这些结果应通过评估降雨事件期间这些标记的性能，来支持对受影响的流域（尤其是受人类粪便污染影响的流域）进行未来风险评估。