Abstract

Studies have shown the effects of chocolate-based products on appetite-related indicators; however, the results of these studies are equivocal. Thus, the aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of studies investigating the acute and long-term response of appetite-related hormones to chocolate intake in adults. A systematic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE for published studies, in English, was performed from inception up to November 2018. It appears that ghrelin and leptin are not responsible for the satiating effect of chocolate products. Gastric infusion of milk chocolate elicited a greater increase in cholecystokinin (CCK), in comparison with oral ingestion of milk chocolate and gastric infusion of non-caloric products. Moreover, viscosity seems to have no effect on active CCK and glucagon-like peptide-1. Due to the heterogeneity between studies, limited sample, low quality of evidence, and substantial variation in methods and chocolate products, caution is suggested in interpreting these results.

摘要

研究表明，巧克力基产品对食欲相关指标的影响。然而，这些研究的结果是模棱两可的。因此，本研究的目的是对研究成年人食欲相关激素对巧克力摄入的急性和长期反应进行研究的系统评价。从开始到2018年11月，对MEDLINE和EMBASE进行了系统的英语搜索，以寻找已发表的研究结果。似乎ghrelin和leptin对巧克力产品的饱腹感没有影响。与口服牛奶巧克力和非热量产品的胃内输注相比，牛奶巧克力的胃内输注引起胆囊收缩素（CCK）的增加更大。而且，粘度似乎对活性CCK和胰高血糖素样肽-1没有影响。