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Perception of dynamic facial expressions of emotion between dogs and humans.
Animal Cognition ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-12 , DOI: 10.1007/s10071-020-01348-5
Catia Correia-Caeiro 1, 2 , Kun Guo 1 , Daniel S Mills 2
Affiliation  

Facial expressions are a core component of the emotional response of social mammals. In contrast to Darwin's original proposition, expressive facial cues of emotion appear to have evolved to be species-specific. Faces trigger an automatic perceptual process, and so, inter-specific emotion perception is potentially a challenge; since observers should not try to “read” heterospecific facial expressions in the same way that they do conspecific ones. Using dynamic spontaneous facial expression stimuli, we report the first inter-species eye-tracking study on fully unrestrained participants and without pre-experiment training to maintain attention to stimuli, to compare how two different species living in the same ecological niche, humans and dogs, perceive each other’s facial expressions of emotion. Humans and dogs showed different gaze distributions when viewing the same facial expressions of either humans or dogs. Humans modulated their gaze depending on the area of interest (AOI) being examined, emotion, and species observed, but dogs modulated their gaze depending on AOI only. We also analysed if the gaze distribution was random across AOIs in both species: in humans, eye movements were not correlated with the diagnostic facial movements occurring in the emotional expression, and in dogs, there was only a partial relationship. This suggests that the scanning of facial expressions is a relatively automatic process. Thus, to read other species’ facial emotions successfully, individuals must overcome these automatic perceptual processes and employ learning strategies to appreciate the inter-species emotional repertoire.

中文翻译:

狗与人之间情感的动态面部表情的感知。

面部表情是社交哺乳动物情绪反应的核心组成部分。与达尔文的最初主张相反,表情表达的情绪暗示似乎已经演变为特定物种的。面孔会触发自动的感知过程,因此,种间情感感知可能会成为挑战。因为观察者不应该尝试使用异种面部表情来“读取”异种面部表情。我们使用动态自发的面部表情刺激,对完全不受约束的参与者进行了首次物种间眼动追踪研究,并且没有进行实验前培训以保持对刺激的关注,以比较生活在同一生态位中的两种不同物种人类和狗的情况,感知对方的情绪表情。当观看人或狗的相同面部表情时,人和狗的注视分布不同。人类根据被检查的兴趣区域(AOI),观察到的情绪和物种来调节视线,而狗仅根据AOI来调节视线。我们还分析了两种物种在AOI中的凝视分布是否是随机的:在人类中,眼球运动与情绪表达中出现的诊断性面部运动无关,在狗中,仅存在部分关系。这表明扫描面部表情是一个相对自动的过程。因此,要成功读取其他物种的面部表情,个人必须克服这些自动的感知过程,并采用学习策略来欣赏种间的情感库。
更新日期:2020-02-12
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