Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has complex effects on bone, including stimulating bone formation and regulating the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche. In the current issue of the JCI, Li et al. demonstrated that the microbiome, through the production of short-chain fatty acids and in particular, butyrate, is necessary for the ability of PTH to increase osteoblast numbers and stimulate bone formation. In addition to implications for the treatment of osteoporosis with PTH analogs, this pathway may be part of a broader mechanism through which the microbiome serves its key function of modulating the immune system.

中文翻译：

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微生物组增加了甲状旁腺激素对骨骼的作用的复杂性。

甲状旁腺激素（PTH）对骨骼具有复杂的作用，包括刺激骨骼形成和调节造血干细胞（HSC）的生态位。在本期JCI中，Li等人。证明微生物组，通过产生短链脂肪酸，尤其是丁酸，是PTH增加成骨细胞数量和刺激骨骼形成的能力所必需的。除了可以用PTH类似物治疗骨质疏松症外，该途径可能是微生物组发挥其调节免疫系统关键功能的广泛机制的一部分。