Paramonosiga coloniensis sp. nov., Salpingoeca amphoriscia sp. nov., S. fluviatilis sp. nov. and S. loutrophoria sp. nov. are frequently found craspedid species in the River Rhine which have not yet been described, despite their high abundance. All new species are characterized based on a distinct morphology which is different from all up to now described species and on a molecular level based on transcriptome data. In addition, we give extended redescriptions of S. amphoridium and S. angulosa, based on SSU and LSU rDNA data and morphology. The six-gene phylogenetic analyses place all species into freshwater clades of the craspedids. The separation of the freshwater and marine clades of this group is becoming more distinct with every craspedid sequence added. The River Rhine is one of the largest rivers in Europe but its protist biodiversity is fairly undescribed, especially regarding choanoflagellates. We conclude that the biodiversity of craspedid choanoflagellates is broadly underestimated.

拟单胞菌 十一月，Salpingoeca amphoriscia sp.。十一月，S. fluviatilis sp。十一月 和loutrophoria sp。十一月 在莱茵河中经常发现一些残存的物种，尽管数量很多，但尚未被描述。所有新物种的特征均基于与迄今为止描述的所有物种均不同的独特形态，并基于转录组数据在分子水平上进行表征。另外，我们给出了S. amphoridium和S. angulosa的扩展改写，基于SSU和LSU rDNA数据和形态。六基因系统发育分析将所有物种放入了钩足动物的淡水进化枝中。随着添加的每个残酷序列，该组淡水和海洋进化枝的分离变得越来越明显。莱茵河是欧洲最大的河流之一，但其原生生物多样性却鲜为人知，尤其是关于鞭毛虫。我们得出结论，草率的鞭毛藻的生物多样性被大大低估了。