Myeloperoxidase is an enzyme present in neutrophils and has been demonstrated to be an important molecule for neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation and function. Yet, it is also a source of autoantigens for anti-neutrophil or anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies (ANCAs), which are capable of activating these immune cells and provoke tissue damage in a sterile microenvironment. The presence of these antibodies in cancer has been related by case reports, but a few studies addressed the significance of this finding beyond autoimmunity context. In this review, we discuss the evidences regarding ANCAs and cancer and its putative clinical meaning in the context of tumor immunology.

中文翻译：

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中性粒细胞陷阱，抗髓过氧化物酶抗体和癌症：它们有联系吗？

髓过氧化物酶是存在于嗜中性粒细胞中的一种酶，并且已被证明是嗜中性粒细胞胞外陷阱（NETs）形成和功能的重要分子。然而，它也是抗中性粒细胞或抗髓过氧化物酶抗体（ANCA）自身抗原的来源，它们能够激活这些免疫细胞并在无菌微环境中引起组织损伤。这些抗体在癌症中的存在与病例报告有关，但是一些研究解决了这一发现在自身免疫环境之外的重要性。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了有关ANCA和癌症及其在肿瘤免疫学背景下的假定临床意义的证据。