The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms an extensive network of membrane contact sites with intra-cellular organelles and the plasma membrane (PM). Interorganelle contacts have vital roles in membrane lipid and ion dynamics. In particular, ER-PM contacts are integral to numerous inter-cellular and intra-cellular signaling pathways including phosphoinositide lipid and calcium signaling, mechanotransduction, metabolic regulation, and cell stress responses. Accordingly, ER-PM contacts serve important signaling functions in excitable cells including neurons and muscle and endocrine cells. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the vital roles for ER-PM contacts in phosphoinositide and calcium signaling and how signaling pathways in turn regulate proteins that form and function at ER-PM contacts.

中文翻译：

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内质网-质膜接触：磷酸肌醇和钙信号传导的原理。

内质网（ER）与细胞内细胞器和质膜（PM）形成广泛的膜接触部位网络。细胞间接触在膜脂质和离子动力学中起着至关重要的作用。特别地，ER-PM接触是许多细胞间和细胞内信号通路不可或缺的，包括磷酸肌醇脂质和钙信号传导，机械转导，代谢调节和细胞应激反应。因此，ER-PM接触在包括神经元，肌肉和内分泌细胞在内的可兴奋细胞中发挥重要的信号传导功能。这篇综述突出了我们对ER-PM接触在磷酸肌醇和钙信号传导中的重要作用以及信号通路如何调节在ER-PM接触中形成和起作用的蛋白质的最新进展。