One of the challenges of modern inorganic chemistry is translating the potential of metal catalysts to living systems to achieve controlled non-natural transformations. This field poses numerous issues associated with the metal compounds biocompatibility, stability, and reactivity in complex aqueous environment. Moreover, it should be noted that although referring to 'metal catalysis', turnover has not yet been fully demonstrated in most of the examples within living systems. Nevertheless, transition metal catalysts offer an opportunity of modulating bioprocesses through reactions that are complementary to enzymes. In this context, gold complexes, both coordination and organometallic, have emerged as promising tools for bio-orthogonal transformations, endowed with excellent reactivity and selectivity, compatibility within aqueous reaction medium, fast kinetics of ligand exchange reactions, and mild reaction conditions. Thus, a number of examples of gold-templated reactions in a biologically relevant context will be presented and discussed here in relation to their potential applications in biological and medicinal chemistry.

中文翻译：

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用于生物系统中催化和金属介导转化的金化合物。

现代无机化学的挑战之一是将金属催化剂的潜力转化为生物系统，以实现受控的非天然转化。该领域提出了与金属化合物在复杂水性环境中的生物相容性，稳定性和反应性相关的许多问题。此外，应该指出的是，尽管提到“金属催化”，但在生命系统中的大多数示例中，营业额尚未得到充分证明。然而，过渡金属催化剂提供了通过与酶互补的反应调节生物过程的机会。在这种情况下，配位和有机金属的金络合物已成为生物正交转化的有前途的工具，并具有出色的反应性和选择性，在水性反应介质中的相容性，配体交换反应的快速动力学以及温和的反应条件。因此，将在生物学上相关的背景下介绍和讨论金模板反应的许多例子，并讨论它们在生物和药物化学中的潜在应用。