The gender intensification hypothesis claims that the socialization pressures of early adolescence lead to the adoption of traditional sex‐typed roles. We tested this proposal by examining how extensively children (M_age = 9.39 years; N = 69, 31 female), early adolescents (M_age = 12.06 years; N = 70, 36 female), middle adolescents (M_age = 14.81 years; N = 65, 37 female), and emerging adults (M_age = 18.51 years; N = 70, 37 female) made generalizations from vignettes about male and female characters who had stereotypically feminine or masculine qualities and who had stereotypically neutral qualities. Results showed, first, age‐related increases in gender‐based generalization biases (the difference between stereotype‐consistent and stereotype‐neutral generalizations) to mid‐adolescence and an age‐related decrease in generalization biases from mid‐adolescence to adulthood. Second, we found gender intensification in self‐conceptualizations as masculine and feminine: More so than children and emerging adults, middle adolescents adopted stereotypically masculine and feminine traits. Third, age‐related declines in gender stereotypes of occupations and traits were mediated by faith in intuition. Finally, faith in intuition and gender self‐concepts moderated age‐related increases in generalization biases such that the slope of the age‐related increase in biases was steepest for participants who placed the most faith in intuition and whose gender self‐concepts were traditional. Findings are discussed in terms of gender identification, dual‐process theories of judgements, and the interference stereotypes create when adolescents construct problem representations.

中文翻译：

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青春期前，青少年和新兴成年人中的性别加剧和性别普遍偏向。

性别激增假说声称，青春期早期的社会化压力导致采用传统的性别角色。我们通过检查儿童（M_年龄 = 9.39岁；N = 69，31岁 女性），青春期早期（M_年龄 = 12.06岁；N  = 70、36女性），中青年（M_年龄 = 14.81岁；_儿童年龄：M_年龄= 14.39岁；N = 70岁，女性36_岁）的广泛性来测试该建议。N  = 65，37位女性）和新兴成年人（M_年龄 = 18.51岁；N = 70，37位女性）通过小插图对具有定型女性化或男性化特征和定型中立特征的男性和女性角色进行了概括。结果表明，首先，与性别相关的泛化偏差（与成见一致和成见与中性化的泛化之间的差异）与青春期相关，而与年龄相关的从青春期中期到成年的泛化偏差减少。其次，我们发现自我概念中的性别强化是男性和女性：中青年比男性和女性更具有成年男性和女性的特质。第三，与年龄有关的职业和特质的性别定型观念的下降是由对直觉的信仰所介导的。最后，对直觉和性别自我概念的信念缓和了与年龄相关的泛化偏差的增加，因此，对直觉最信任且性别自我概念是传统的参与者，与年龄相关的偏差增加的斜率最大。研究结果从性别认同，双过程判断理论以及青少年构造问题表征时产生的刻板印象等方面进行了讨论。