Patients suffering from dementia with Lewy body (DLB) often see complex visual hallucinations (CVH). Despite many pathological, clinical, and neuroimaging studies, the mechanism of CVH remains unknown. One possible scenario is that top-down information is being used to compensate for the lack of bottom-up information. To investigate this possibility and understand the underlying mathematical structure of the CVH mechanism, we propose a simple computational model of synaptic plasticity with particular focus on the effect of selective damage to the bottom-up network on self-reorganization. We show neurons that undergo a change in activity from a bottom-up to a top-down network framework during the reorganization process, which can be understood in terms of state transitions. Assuming that the pre-reorganization representation of this neuron remains after reorganization, it is possible to interpret neural response induced by top-down information as the sensation of bottom-up information. This situation might correspond to a hallucinatory situation in DLB patients. Our results agree with existing experimental evidence and provide new insights into data that have hitherto not been experimentally validated on patients with DLB.

中文翻译：

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从神经网络的自我重组角度解释复杂的视觉幻觉。

患有路易体 (DLB) 痴呆症的患者经常会出现复杂的幻视 (CVH)。尽管有许多病理、临床和神经影像学研究，但 CVH 的机制仍然未知。一种可能的情况是使用自上而下的信息来弥补自下而上信息的缺乏。为了研究这种可能性并理解 CVH 机制的潜在数学结构，我们提出了一个简单的突触可塑性计算模型，特别关注自下而上网络的选择性损伤对自重组的影响。我们展示了在重组过程中经历从自下而上到自上而下的网络框架活动变化的神经元，这可以从状态转换的角度来理解。假设重组后该神经元的重组前表征仍然存在，则可以将自上而下信息诱导的神经反应解释为自下而上信息的感觉。这种情况可能对应于 DLB 患者的幻觉情况。我们的结果与现有的实验证据一致，并为迄今为止尚未对 DLB 患者进行实验验证的数据提供了新的见解。