Background. Frequently used nonmotor scales do not cover all aspects of dysautonomia in Parkinson’s disease (PD). This study explores the association between autonomic symptoms and sicca symptoms with other nonmotor symptoms and health-related quality of life (QoL) in PD. Methods. Autonomic symptoms (Survey of Autonomic Symptoms, SASs), motor function (Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale III, MDS-UPDRS III), nonmotor symptoms (nonmotor symptoms questionnaire, NMS-Quest), and QoL (PD Questionnaire-39, PDQ-39) were analysed in 93 PD patients without dementia. Multivariable and multivariate analyses were performed to study the association between clinical parameters and PDQ-39 domains. Results. Among the autonomic symptoms, sicca symptoms (xerostomia and dry eyes) were the most commonly reported (69%), followed by sexual dysfunction in men, leaking of urine, vasomotor dysfunction, constipation, sudomotor dysfunction, and orthostatic symptoms. The autonomic symptom burden (SAS total) correlated with the NMS-Quest and Hoehn and Yahr stage, but not with age, levodopa equivalent daily dose, disease duration, and the MDS-UPDRS III. The SAS total score was an independent predictor of the PDQ-39 summary index and mainly affected the PDQ-39 cognition and emotional well-being domains. Sicca symptoms were not associated with age, MDS-UPDRS III, disease duration, Hoehn and Yahr stage, and levodopa equivalent daily dose but aggravated the PDQ-39 domains: cognition, emotional well-being, bodily discomfort, and mobility. Sicca symptoms frequently occur together with other nonmotor symptoms, namely, urine urgency, orthostatic problems, and concentration problems. Overall, 75% of the subjects took at least one drug that can cause sicca symptoms (anti-PD medication, antidepressant drugs, antihypertensive drugs, antipsychotic drugs, antimuscarinic drugs, and analgesic drugs). Conclusion. Sicca symptoms are common in PD and negatively influence QoL. The observed association between sicca symptoms and other nonmotor symptoms provides further preliminary evidence for the growing recognition of different nonmotor clusters in PD.

中文翻译：

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帕金森病的干燥症状：与其他非运动症状和与健康相关的生活质量的关联。

背景。常用的非运动量表并未涵盖帕金森病 (PD) 中自主神经功能障碍的所有方面。本研究探讨了 PD 患者自主神经症状和干燥症状与其他非运动症状和健康相关生活质量 (QoL) 之间的关系。方法。自主症状（自主症状调查，SAS）、运动功能（运动障碍协会赞助的统一帕金森病评定量表 III 修订版，MDS-UPDRS III）、非运动症状（非运动症状问卷，NMS-Quest）和生活质量（ PD Questionnaire-39, PDQ-39) 对 93 名无痴呆的 PD 患者进行了分析。进行多变量和多变量分析以研究临床参数和PDQ-39结构域之间的关联。结果. 在自主神经症状中，干燥症状（口干症和干眼症）是最常见的（69%），其次是男性性功能障碍、漏尿、血管舒缩功能障碍、便秘、催汗功能障碍和直立症状。自主症状负担（SAS 总）与 NMS-Quest 和 Hoehn 和 Yahr 分期相关，但与年龄、左旋多巴当量日剂量、疾病持续时间和 MDS-UPDRS III 无关。SAS 总分是 PDQ-39 总结指数的独立预测因子，主要影响 PDQ-39 认知和情绪健康领域。Sicca 症状与年龄、MDS-UPDRS III、疾病持续时间、Hoehn 和 Yahr 分期以及左旋多巴当量日剂量无关，但加重了 PDQ-39 领域：认知、情绪健康、身体不适和活动能力。干燥症状经常与其他非运动症状一起出现，即尿急、直立问题和注意力问题。总体而言，75% 的受试者服用了至少一种可引起干燥症状的药物（抗 PD 药物、抗抑郁药物、抗高血压药物、抗精神病药物、抗毒蕈碱药物和镇痛药物）。结论。干燥症状在 PD 中很常见，并对生活质量产生负面影响。观察到的干燥症状与其他非运动症状之间的关联为越来越多地识别 PD 中不同的非运动症状群提供了进一步的初步证据。