Cell therapy for central nervous system (CNS) disorders is beginning to prove its safety and efficiency. Intraparenchymal transplantation can be an option for cell delivery; however, one concern regarding this method is that the transplantation cannula may cause additional brain injuries. These include vessel damage, which results in brain hemorrhage, and clogging of the cannula by brain debris and/or cell clusters, which requires replacement of the cannula or forced injection causing jet flow of the cell suspension. We compared cannulas for cell delivery used in clinical trials, the Pittsburg and Mizuho cannulas, to a newly designed one, MK01, to assess their usability. MK01 has a spherical-shaped tip with a fan-like open orifice on the side of the cannula, which prevents vessel damage, clogging of brain debris, and jet flow phenomenon. We compared the extent of rat cervical and abdominal arterial damage with the cannula, the amount of debris in the cannula, the force needed to cause jet flow, and cell viability. While the viability of cells passed through the cannulas was almost the same among cannulas (approximately 95%), the Pittsburg cannula caused cervical arterial injury and subsequent hemorrhage, as it required a significantly smaller force to penetrate the arterial wall. Moreover, the Pittsburg cannula, but not the Mizuho and MK01 cannulas, showed high frequency of brain debris in the needle tip (approximately 80%) after brain puncture. While jet flow of the injection liquid was observed even when using smaller forces in the Pittsburg and Mizuho cannulas, MK01 constantly showed low jet flow occurrence. Thus, MK01 seems to be safer than the previously reported cannulas, although further investigation is necessary to validate its safety for clinical use.

中文翻译：

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新型立体定向插管用于干细胞移植对抗中枢神经系统疾病的评估。

用于中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病的细胞疗法开始证明其安全性和有效性。实质内移植可以作为细胞递送的一种选择。但是，与此方法有关的一个问题是，移植套管可能会导致额外的脑损伤。这些包括血管损伤，这会导致脑出血，以及脑碎片和/或细胞团块堵塞套管，这需要更换套管或强制注射，从而引起细胞悬浮液的射流。我们将用于临床试验中的细胞递送插管，匹兹堡插管和瑞穗插管与新设计的插管MK01进行了比较，以评估其可用性。MK01的球形尖端在插管的侧面具有扇形的开口孔，可防止血管损伤，脑残屑堵塞和喷射流现象。我们比较了套管对大鼠宫颈和腹部动脉的损害程度，套管中的碎屑数量，引起射流所需的力以及细胞活力。尽管穿过插管的细胞活力在插管之间几乎相同（约95％），但匹兹堡插管会引起子宫颈动脉损伤和随后的出血，因为它需要较小的力才能穿透动脉壁。此外，匹兹堡插管（但不包括瑞穗插管和MK01插管）在脑穿刺后在针尖显示出高频率的脑残屑（约80％）。尽管在匹兹堡和瑞穗插管中使用较小的力也观察到喷射液的喷射流，但MK01始终显示出较低的喷射流。因此，MK01似乎比以前报道的插管更安全，