What kind of dynamic decision process do humans use to make decisions? In this article, two different types of processes are reviewed and compared: Markov and quantum. Markov processes are based on the idea that at any given point in time a decision maker has a definite and specific level of support for available choice alternatives, and the dynamic decision process is represented by a single trajectory that traces out a path across time. When a response is requested, a person's decision or judgment is generated from the current location along the trajectory. By contrast, quantum processes are founded on the idea that a person's state can be represented by a superposition over different degrees of support for available choice options, and that the dynamics of this state form a wave moving across levels of support over time. When a response is requested, a decision or judgment is constructed out of the superposition by “actualizing” a specific degree or range of degrees of support to create a definite state. The purpose of this article is to introduce these two contrasting theories, review empirical studies comparing the two theories, and identify conditions that determine when each theory is more accurate and useful than the other.

中文翻译：

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马尔可夫模型与人类决策的量子动力学模型的比较。

人们使用哪种动态决策过程来进行决策？在本文中，对两种不同类型的过程进行了回顾和比较：马尔可夫和量子。马尔可夫过程基于这样的思想，即决策者在任何给定的时间点都对可用选择备选方案提供明确和特定的支持，而动态决策过程则由一条轨迹来表示，该轨迹可追踪时间跨度。当请求响应时，沿着轨迹从当前位置生成一个人的决定或判断。相比之下，量子过程建立在这样一个思想之上：一个人的状态可以通过对可用选择选项的不同支持程度的叠加来表示，并且这种状态的动态形成随时间在支持水平上移动的波。当请求响应时，通过“具体化”支持的特定程度或程度范围以创建确定状态，从叠加中构造出决策或判断。本文的目的是介绍这两种相对立的理论，回顾比较这两种理论的实证研究，并确定确定每种理论何时比另一种更为准确和有用的条件。