Introduction: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and its severe phenotype, toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), are acute inflammatory vesiculobullous reactions of the skin and mucosa. Approximately 50% of SJS/TEN patients diagnosed by dermatologists and in burn units suffer from severe ocular complications (SOC) in the acute stage.Areas covered: Earlier studies on patients with SJS/TEN with SOC identified cold medicines including multi-ingredient cold medications and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as the main eliciting drugs. HLA analyzes showed that genetic predisposition might play a role in the response to these drugs. Our analysis of the association between HLA genotypes and cold medicine-related SJS/TEN (CM-SJS/TEN) with SOC revealed that certain HLA genotypes play a role in the development of SJS/TEN with SOC. Genetic predisposition and other factors contributing to the elicitation of CM-SJS/TEN with SOC and the management of patients in the acute and chronic stage of the disease are discussed.Expert opinion: The main sequelae of SJS/TEN are ocular sequelae with visual disturbance. SJS/TEN with SOC needs ophthalmic treatment in addition to systemic treatment from the onset time to reduce the ophthalmic sequelae. In addition, HLA examination and public awareness of SJS/TEN with SOC due to cold medicine use might contribute to preventing visual disturbance due to SJS/TEN.Abbreviations: SJS: Stevens-Johnson syndrome; TEN: toxic epidermal necrolysis; SOC: severe ocular complications.

中文翻译：

---

史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征/中毒性表皮坏死伴严重眼部并发症。

简介：史蒂文斯－约翰逊综合症（SJS）及其严重的表型，中毒性表皮坏死溶解症（TEN），是皮肤和粘膜的急性炎性囊泡性反应。皮肤科医生和烧伤病房诊断出的SJS / TEN患者中约有50％在急性期患有严重的眼部并发症（SOC）。研究范围：早期对SOC的SJS / TEN患者的研究发现感冒药包括多成分感冒药而非甾体类抗炎药为主要诱因药物。HLA分析表明，遗传易感性可能在对这些药物的反应中起作用。我们对HLA基因型与与感冒药相关的SJS / TEN（CM-SJS / TEN）与SOC之间的关联进行的分析显示，某些HLA基因型在SOC导致SJS / TEN的发展中起作用。讨论了遗传诱因和其他因素导致SOC诱发CM-SJS / TEN以及疾病的急慢性阶段患者的管理。专家意见：SJS / TEN的主要后遗症是视力障碍的眼后遗症。自发病以来，除了全身治疗外，带有SOC的SJS / TEN还需要眼科治疗，以减少眼科后遗症。另外，HLA检查和公众对使用感冒药导致的SJS / TEN伴有SOC的认识可能有助于预防由于SJS / TEN引起的视觉障碍。十：毒性表皮坏死溶解；SOC：严重的眼部并发症。SJS / TEN的主要后遗症是有视觉障碍的眼后遗症。自发病以来，除了全身治疗外，带有SOC的SJS / TEN还需要眼科治疗，以减少眼科后遗症。另外，HLA检查和公众对使用感冒药导致的SJS / TEN伴有SOC的认识可能有助于预防由于SJS / TEN引起的视觉障碍。十：毒性表皮坏死溶解；SOC：严重的眼部并发症。SJS / TEN的主要后遗症是有视觉障碍的眼后遗症。自发病以来，除了全身治疗外，带有SOC的SJS / TEN还需要眼科治疗，以减少眼科后遗症。另外，HLA检查和公众对使用感冒药导致的SJS / TEN伴有SOC的认识可能有助于预防由于SJS / TEN引起的视觉障碍。十：毒性表皮坏死溶解；SOC：严重的眼部并发症。SJS：史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合症；十：毒性表皮坏死溶解；SOC：严重的眼部并发症。SJS：史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合症；十：毒性表皮坏死溶解；SOC：严重的眼部并发症。