Decidualization, which comprises proliferation and differentiation of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs), is essential for the establishment of a receptive endometrium and pregnancy to occur. A deregulation of decidualization has been associated with miscarriage, infertility and other pregnancy-related disorders. The role of estradiol (E2) on decidualization has already been shown, since it regulates proliferation of ESCs and expression of progesterone receptor. In this study, we investigated the effects of phytocannabinoids, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), in proliferation and differentiation of ESCs, as well as, in E2 metabolism/signaling. We found that CBD, but not THC, inhibits ESCs differentiation. We also show that CBD prevents the increase on transcript levels of CYP19A1 gene and the elevation of E2 levels that are observed in differentiating ESCs. Moreover, we found that CBD presents anti-aromatase activity. In overall, we highlight a novel effect of CBD on human endometrial differentiation, which may lead to infertility problems.

中文翻译：

---

卡那比二醇（CBD）而不是四氢大麻酚（THC）会通过破坏雌激素信号传导而使人子宫内膜基质细胞的体外蜕膜化失调。

蜕膜化包括子宫内膜间质细胞（ESCs）的增殖和分化，对于子宫内膜的建立和妊娠的发生至关重要。蜕膜化的放松管制与流产，不育和其他与妊娠有关的疾病有关。雌二醇（E2）在蜕膜化中的作用已经显示出来，因为它调节ESC的增殖和孕激素受体的表达。在这项研究中，我们调查了植物大麻素，四氢大麻酚（THC）和大麻二酚（CBD）在ESC增殖和分化以及E2代谢/信号传导中的作用。我们发现，CBD而不是THC抑制ESC的分化。我们还表明，CBD阻止了CYP19A1基因的转录水平的增加和在分化ESC中观察到的E2水平的升高。此外，我们发现CBD具有抗芳香化酶活性。总体而言，我们重点介绍了CBD对人子宫内膜分化的新作用，这可能会导致不育问题。