OBJECTIVES This study examined racial/ethnic and gender differences in the antecedents of adolescent suicide deaths in the United States. METHOD Using postmortem data (N = 3,996, mean age = 16.01, 77% male) from the National Violent Death Reporting System, the authors investigated whether White, Black, Native American, Asian Pacific Islander American, and Latinx youths aged 10 to 18 varied in their rates of circumstances that either preceded or appear to have contributed to their suicides. Gender differences and gender by race/ethnicity moderation effects were examined in addition to racial/ethnic differences. These antecedents included, but were not limited to, mental health problems and treatment, history of suicide attempt and suicidal ideation, presence of a suicide note, interpersonal problems, substance abuse problems, school problems, and exposure to the death or suicide of a loved one. RESULTS Logistic regression analyses revealed racial/ethnic and gender differences in the prevalence of several antecedents of youth suicide. One race/ethnicity by gender moderation effect related to suicide notes was identified. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest considerable gender and racial/ethnic heterogeneity in suicide risk factors and highlight the need for more research on suicidal behavior in minority youths, as well as culturally tailored prevention efforts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

---

青年自杀前因中的种族/种族和性别差异。

目的本研究调查了美国青少年自杀死亡的前因中的种族/种族和性别差异。方法使用来自国家暴力死亡报告系统的死后数据（N = 3,996，平均年龄= 16.01，男性77％），作者调查了10至18岁的白人，黑人，美洲原住民，亚太岛民和拉丁裔年轻人是否不同在他们自杀之前或看来是造成自杀的情况下发生的比率。除种族/族裔差异外，还检查了性别差异和按种族/族裔缓和作用产生的性别。这些前因包括但不限于心理健康问题和治疗，自杀未遂和自杀念头的历史，有自杀遗书，人际关系问题，药物滥用问题，学校问题，并遭受亲人的死亡或自杀。结果Logistic回归分析显示，在青年自杀的一些前因中，种族/族裔和性别存在差异。通过性别节制效应确定了一种与自杀笔记有关的种族/民族。结论研究结果表明，自杀危险因素存在明显的性别和种族/种族异质性，并强调需要对少数族裔青年的自杀行为以及针对文化的预防措施进行更多研究。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。通过性别节制效应确定了一种与自杀笔记有关的种族/民族。结论研究结果表明，自杀危险因素中性别和种族/种族的异质性很大，并强调有必要对少数族裔青年的自杀行为以及针对文化的预防工作进行更多的研究。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。通过性别节制效应确定了一种与自杀笔记有关的种族/民族。结论研究结果表明，自杀危险因素存在明显的性别和种族/种族异质性，并强调需要对少数族裔青年的自杀行为以及针对文化的预防措施进行更多研究。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。