The discovery of molecular alterations that play key functions in pathways of tumor growth and survival have changed the treatment approach of several solid tumors. A number of biomarkers are now approved in clinical practice for the selection of patients to be treated with the specific targeted drug, and others are currently under study. None of these biomarkers are perfect and they have a number of biases. Novel treatment approaches, such as immunotherapy, require the development of more complex biomarker combinations as the mechanism of action of these drugs involves multiple parameters. In this short communication the principal approved biomarkers in solid tumors are discussed, with attention to the novel promising biomarkers that will be developed in the future.

中文翻译：

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临床实践中的预测性生物标志物：实体瘤的最新技术和观点。

在肿瘤生长和存活途径中起关键作用的分子改变的发现改变了几种实体瘤的治疗方法。现在已经在临床实践中批准了许多生物标志物，用于选择要用特定靶向药物治疗的患者，其他生物标志物目前正在研究中。这些生物标记物中没有一个是完美的，并且存在许多偏见。诸如免疫疗法之类的新型治疗方法需要开发更复杂的生物标志物组合，因为这些药物的作用机理涉及多个参数。在这段简短的交流中，讨论了实体瘤中主要批准的生物标志物，并关注了未来将开发的新型有前途的生物标志物。