Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an asymptomatic condition due to the dilation of abdominal aorta along with progressive wall degeneration, where rupture of AAA is life-threatening. Failures of AAA endovascular repair (EVAR) reflect our inadequate knowledge about the complex interaction between the aortic wall and medical devices. In this regard, we are presenting a hydrogel-based anthropomorphic mockup (AMM) to better understand the biomechanical constraints during EVAR. By adjusting the cryogenic treatments, we tailored the hydrogel to mimic the mechanical behavior of human AAA wall, thrombus and abdominal fat. A specific molding sequence and a pressurizing system were designed to reproduce the geometrical and diseased characteristics of AAA. A mechanically, anatomically and pathologically realistic AMM for AAA was developed for the first time, EVAR experiments were then performed with and without the surrounding fat. Substantial displacements of the aortic centerlines and vessel expansion were observed in the case without surrounding fat, revealing an essential framework created by the surrounding fat to account for the interactions with medical devices. In conclusion, the importance to consider surrounding tissue for the global deformation of AAA during EVAR was highlighted. Furthermore, potential use of this AMM for medical training was also suggested.

中文翻译：

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腹主动脉瘤的拟人化和生物力学模型。

腹主动脉瘤（AAA）是无症状的，这是由于腹主动脉扩张以及进行性壁变性所致，其中AAA破裂会危及生命。AAA血管内修复（EVAR）的失败反映了我们对主动脉壁与医疗设备之间复杂相互作用的了解不足。在这方面，我们提出了一种基于水凝胶的拟人模型（AMM），以更好地了解EVAR过程中的生物力学约束。通过调整低温处理，我们定制了水凝胶以模仿人AAA壁，血栓和腹部脂肪的机械行为。设计了特定的成型顺序和加压系统以重现AAA的几何和患病特征。首次开发了用于AAA的机械，解剖学和病理学逼真的AMM，然后在有或没有周围脂肪的情况下进行EVAR实验。在没有周围脂肪的情况下，观察到主动脉中心线的大量移位和血管扩张，揭示了周围脂肪产生的基本框架，以解释与医疗器械的相互作用。总之，强调了在EVAR期间考虑周围组织对于AAA的整体变形的重要性。此外，还建议将该AMM潜在用于医学培训。强调了在EVAR期间考虑周围组织对于AAA的整体变形的重要性。此外，还建议将该AMM潜在用于医学培训。强调了在EVAR期间考虑周围组织对于AAA的整体变形的重要性。此外，还建议将该AMM潜在用于医学培训。