The present study aimed to clarify the psychological status of 766 former residents of Tomioka Town, Fukushima Prefecture, and their intent to return (ITR) 8 years after the disaster at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. We investigated their ITR home and their perception of the risk of health effects from radiation exposure. We also evaluated rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using a PTSD checklist (PCL-S) and of psychological stress using the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Among the residents, 102 (13%) had returned home (group 1), 214 (28%) were unsure about returning (group 2), and 450 (59%) had decided not to return (group 3). Concern about exposing the next generation to radiation was significantly more prevalent in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1. The frequency of positive PCL-S and PHQ-9 responses was higher in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3. Factors that were independently associated with returning to Tomioka were positive PCL-S (OR, 4.3) and PHQ-9 (OR, 2.2) scores, concerns about consuming locally sourced food, and living with children, and were more prevalent in group 2 than group 1 (reference). Group 2 was more anxious about radiation exposure and health effects, and had higher rates of psychological stress and PTSD. Providing support to such residents through careful risk communication will be required to recover this community after the nuclear disaster.

本研究旨在澄清福岛县富冈町 766 名前居民的心理状况，以及他们在福岛第一核电站灾难 8 年后返回的意愿 (ITR)。我们调查了他们的 ITR 住所以及他们对辐射暴露对健康影响风险的看法。我们还使用 PTSD 检查表 (PCL-S) 评估了创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的发生率，并使用患者健康问卷 9 (PHQ-9) 评估了心理压力的发生率。在居民中，102 人（13%）已经回家（第 1 组），214 人（28%）不确定是否回家（第 2 组），450 人（59%）决定不回家（第 3 组）。与第 1 组相比，第 2 组和第 3 组对下一代暴露于辐射的担忧明显更为普遍。PCL-S 和 PHQ-9 阳性反应的频率在第 2 组中高于第 1 组和第 3 组。与返回富冈独立相关的因素是阳性 PCL-S (OR, 4.3) 和 PHQ-9 (OR, 2.2) 分数、对食用当地采购的食物和与孩子一起生活的担忧，并且在第 2 组中比第 1 组更普遍（参考）。第 2 组更担心辐射暴露和健康影响，心理压力和 PTSD 发生率更高。核灾难后，需要通过谨慎的风险沟通向这些居民提供支持，以恢复该社区。并且在第 2 组中比第 1 组更普遍（参考）。第 2 组更担心辐射暴露和健康影响，心理压力和 PTSD 发生率更高。核灾难后，需要通过谨慎的风险沟通向这些居民提供支持，以恢复该社区。并且在第 2 组中比第 1 组更普遍（参考）。第 2 组更担心辐射暴露和健康影响，心理压力和 PTSD 发生率更高。核灾难后，需要通过谨慎的风险沟通向这些居民提供支持，以恢复该社区。