Many studies have shown that virus infection alters phytohormone signaling and insect vector contact with hosts. Increased vector contact and movement among plants should increase virus survival and host range. In this study we examine the role of virus-induced changes in phytohormone signaling in plant-aphid interactions, using Pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV), pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum), and pea (Pisum sativum) as a model. We observed that feeding by aphids carrying PEMV increases salicylic acid and jasmonic acid accumulation in pea plants compared to feeding by virus-free aphids. To determine if induction of the oxylipin jasmonic acid is critical for aphid settling, attraction, and retention on PEMV-infected plants, we conducted insect bioassays using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), an oxylipin signaling inducer, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and a chemical inhibitor of oxylipin signaling, phenidone. Surprisingly, there was no impact of phenidone treatment on jasmonic acid or salicylic acid levels in virus-infected plants, though aphid attraction and retention were altered. These results suggest that the observed impacts of phenidone on aphid attraction to and retention on PEMV-infected plants are independent of the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid pathway but may be mediated by another component of the oxylipin signaling pathway. These results shed light on the complexity of viral manipulation of phytohormone signaling and vector-plant interactions.

中文翻译：

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为了增加蚜虫在病毒感染植物上的吸引力和保留率，需要使用环氧磷脂信号通路。

许多研究表明，病毒感染会改变植物激素的信号传导和昆虫载体与宿主的接触。植物之间载体接触和运动的增加应增加病毒的存活率和宿主范围。在这项研究中，我们考察在植物蚜虫的相互作用植物激素信号病毒诱导的变化中的作用，使用豌豆耳突花叶病毒（PEMV），豌豆蚜虫（豌豆蚜），和豌豆（豌豆）作为模型。我们观察到，与不含病毒的蚜虫相比，携带PEMV的蚜虫喂养增加了豌豆植物中水杨酸和茉莉酸的积累。为了确定诱导脂蛋白茉莉酸对于蚜虫在PEMV感染植物上的沉降，吸引和滞留是否至关重要，我们使用病毒诱导的基因沉默（VIGS），脂蛋白信号诱导剂茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）进行了昆虫生物测定，以及脂氧磷信号传导的化学抑制剂非尼酮。出人意料的是，尽管改变了蚜虫的引诱力和保留力，但苯乙酮处理对病毒感染植物的茉莉酸或水杨酸水平没有影响。这些结果表明，观察到的吩酮对蚜虫对被PEMV感染的植物的吸引和滞留的影响与茉莉酸和水杨酸途径无关，但是可能由脂磷脂信号传导途径的另一种成分介导。这些结果揭示了病毒对植物激素信号转导和载体-植物相互作用的复杂性。