INTRODUCTION The incidence of AML is increasing, in part due to an aging population. Since 2017, eight novel agents have been introduced, 6 of which are oral: midostaurin, enasidenib, ivosidenib, gilteritinib, glasdegib, and venetoclax. With an increase in oral medications (OMs), patients face associated side effects that accompany OMs, which often decreases adherence. We aimed to identify and summarize adherence to OMs in this population. METHODS Our mixed method design used focus groups (FG) and patient surveys. After IRB approval, 11 patients and 4 caregivers participated in 4 FGs. Themes from the FGs were used to develop a 37-item OMs adherence needs assessment. Participants were recruited and consented at three cancer centers to complete surveys (online, at the clinic, hospital, or from home). RESULTS A total of 100 patients completed OMs survey. The number of pills to be taken was the most frequent and troublesome challenge. The most frequently reported interventions that would improve patient adherence were smaller pills, easier packaging, and scheduling assistance. Nearly 33% of patients indicated they skip OMs dose altogether when they forget to take it. Younger patients (< 65 years) were more accepting of taking oral compared with intravenous medications (p = .03). CONCLUSION This study represents the first assessment of OMs adherence in adults with AML. Findings provide the basis for further exploration of interventions to enhance and increase adherence to OMs regimens.

中文翻译：

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成人急性髓细胞性白血病（AML）的口服依从性：一项混合方法研究的结果。

简介AML的发病率正在增加，部分原因是人口老龄化。自2017年以来，已经引入了八种新型药物，其中有六种是口服的：米ostaurin，依那西布，伊维西尼布，gilteritinib，glasdegib和venetoclax。随着口服药物（OMs）的增加，患者面临与OMs相关的副作用，这通常会降低依从性。我们旨在确定和总结该人群对OM的依从性。方法我们的混合方法设计使用焦点小组（FG）和患者调查。经IRB批准后，有11位患者和4位护理人员参加了4次FG。FG的主题用于制定37个项目的OM遵守需求评估。招募了参与者并在三个癌症中心同意接受调查（在线，在诊所，医院或在家中）。结果共有100例患者完成了OMs调查。要服用的药丸数量是最常见且最麻烦的挑战。可以提高患者依从性的最常报告的干预措施是较小的药丸，更容易的包装和安排帮助。将近33％的患者表示，当他们忘记服药时，他们会完全跳过OMs剂量。与静脉注射药物相比，年轻患者（<65岁）接受口服药物的比例更高（p = .03）。结论本研究代表了成人AML中OMs依从性的首次评估。研究结果为进一步探索干预措施以增强和增加对OMs方案的依从性提供了基础。可以提高患者依从性的最常报告的干预措施是较小的药丸，更容易的包装和安排帮助。将近33％的患者表示，当他们忘记服药时，他们会完全跳过OMs剂量。与静脉注射药物相比，年轻患者（<65岁）接受口服药物的比例更高（p = .03）。结论本研究代表了成人AML中OMs依从性的首次评估。研究结果为进一步探索干预措施以增强和增加对OMs方案的依从性提供了基础。可以提高患者依从性的最常报告的干预措施是较小的药丸，更容易的包装和安排帮助。将近33％的患者表示，当他们忘记服药时，他们会完全跳过OMs剂量。与静脉注射药物相比，年轻患者（<65岁）接受口服药物的比例更高（p = .03）。结论本研究代表了成人AML中OMs依从性的首次评估。研究结果为进一步探索干预措施以增强和增加对OMs方案的依从性提供了基础。结论本研究代表了成人AML中OMs依从性的首次评估。研究结果为进一步探索干预措施以增强和增加对OMs方案的依从性提供了基础。结论本研究代表了成人AML中OMs依从性的首次评估。研究结果为进一步探索干预措施以增强和增加对OMs方案的依从性提供了基础。