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Dynamics of inhibitory control during bilingual speech production: An electrophysiological study.
Neuropsychologia ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107387
Xiaochen Zheng 1 , Ardi Roelofs 2 , Hasan Erkan 2 , Kristin Lemhöfer 2
Affiliation  

Bilingual speakers have to control their languages to avoid interference, which may be achieved by enhancing the target language and/or inhibiting the nontarget language. Previous research suggests that bilinguals use inhibition (e.g., Jackson et al., 2001), which should be reflected in the N2 component of the event-related potential (ERP) in the EEG. In the current study, we investigated the dynamics of inhibitory control by measuring the N2 during language switching and repetition in bilingual picture naming. Participants had to name pictures in Dutch or English depending on the cue. A run of same-language trials could be short (two or three trials) or long (five or six trials). We assessed whether RTs and N2 changed over the course of same-language runs, and at a switch between languages. Results showed that speakers named pictures more quickly late as compared to early in a run of same-language trials. Moreover, they made a language switch more quickly after a long run than after a short run. This run-length effect was only present in the first language (L1), not in the second language (L2). In ERPs, we observed a widely distributed switch effect in the N2, which was larger after a short run than after a long run. This effect was only present in the L2, not in the L1, although the difference was not significant between languages. In contrast, the N2 was not modulated during a same-language run. Our results suggest that the nontarget language is inhibited at a switch, but not during the repeated use of the target language.

中文翻译:

双语语音产生过程中抑制控制的动力学:一项电生理研究。

会说双语的人必须控制他们的语言以避免干扰,这可以通过增强目标语言和/或禁止非目标语言来实现。先前的研究表明,双语者会使用抑制作用(例如,Jackson等,2001),这应该反映在脑电图中与事件相关的电位(ERP)的N2成分中。在当前的研究中,我们通过在双语图片命名中的语言切换和重复过程中测量N2来研究抑制控制的动力学。参与者必须根据提示使用荷兰语或英语命名图片。一系列相同语言的试验可以是短期的(两个或三个试验)或长时间的(五个或六个试验)。我们评估了RT和N2是否在同一语言运行过程中以及在语言之间切换时是否发生了变化。结果显示,与同种语言测试中的早期相比,说话者命名图片的速度更快。而且,与长期运行相比,长期运行使语言切换更快。游程效果仅以第一语言(L1)出现,而不以第二语言(L2)出现。在ERP中,我们观察到N2中分布广泛的开关效果,短期后比长期后更大。尽管语言之间的差异并不明显,但这种效果仅出现在L2中,而没有出现在L1中。相反,N2在相同语言运行期间未调制。我们的结果表明,非目标语言在切换时会受到抑制,但在重复使用目标语言时不会受到抑制。与长期运行相比,长期运行使语言切换速度更快。游程效果仅以第一语言(L1)出现,而不以第二语言(L2)出现。在ERP中,我们观察到N2中的开关效应分布广泛,短期后比长期后更大。尽管语言之间的差异并不明显,但这种效果仅出现在L2中,而没有出现在L1中。相反,N2在相同语言运行期间未调制。我们的结果表明,非目标语言在切换时会受到抑制,但在重复使用目标语言时不会受到抑制。与长期运行相比,长期运行使语言切换速度更快。游程效果仅以第一语言(L1)出现,而不以第二语言(L2)出现。在ERP中,我们观察到N2中的开关效应分布广泛,短期后比长期后更大。尽管语言之间的差异并不明显,但这种效果仅出现在L2中,而没有出现在L1中。相反,N2在相同语言运行期间未调制。我们的结果表明,非目标语言在切换时会受到抑制,但在重复使用目标语言时不会受到抑制。短期后比长期后更大。尽管语言之间的差异并不明显,但这种效果仅出现在L2中,而没有出现在L1中。相反,N2在相同语言运行期间未调制。我们的结果表明,非目标语言在切换时会受到抑制,但在重复使用目标语言时不会受到抑制。短期后比长期后更大。尽管语言之间的差异并不明显,但这种效果仅出现在L2中,而没有出现在L1中。相反,N2在相同语言运行期间未调制。我们的结果表明,非目标语言在切换时会受到抑制,但在重复使用目标语言时不会受到抑制。
更新日期:2020-02-11
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