Processed and ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption has been associated with development of noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCD). This systematic review aims to summarise and discuss evidence of the relationship between food consumption according to degree of food processing and cardiometabolic risk. Data search was conducted in databases as PubMed, Bireme and Science Direct until July 2018. Studies have shown a positive association of UPF consumption with excess body weight, hypertension, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome features. However, disparities found in the studies analysed regarding dietary assessment, confounding factors and differences in food classifications makes comparisons between studies difficult. In conclusion, current evidences indicate the need to monitor UPF intake in global population. However, more studies are necessary to interpret better these associations with similar methodologies used in the studies. As well as longitudinal analyses can help to improve comparisons between outcomes and establish cause-effect relationship between UPF intake and cardiometabolic risk.

加工食品和超加工食品的消费与非传染性慢性病（NCD）的发展有关。本系统综述旨在总结和讨论根据食品加工程度与心脏代谢风险之间的食品消费关系的证据。数据搜索已在PubMed，Bireme和Science Direct等数据库中进行，直到2018年7月。研究表明，UPF摄入量与体重超标，高血压，血脂异常和代谢综合征特征呈正相关。但是，在分析的饮食研究中发现的饮食差异，混杂因素和食品分类差异使研究之间难以进行比较。总之，目前的证据表明有必要监测全球人口中UPF的摄入量。然而，有必要进行更多的研究才能更好地解释这些研究中使用的相似方法之间的关联。纵向分析还可以帮助改善结果之间的比较，并建立UPF摄入量与心脏代谢风险之间的因果关系。