ABSTRACT

Objectives: Zoonotic pathogens on dairy farms are a known risk for people who work and live there. Exposure and/or transmission of Salmonella serovars, E. coli (O157; H7), Campylobacter jejuni, and Cryptosporidium parvum have been documented to occur in the dairy farm environment. Social ecological factors have been identified as determinants of preventive behaviors of people at risk of infectious diseases.

Methods: This study described the effect of socio-ecological factors on selected zoonotic bacterial and protozoal diseases in 42 workers of two dairy farms.

Results: Occupational exposure to Salmonella ser. Dublin, E. coli, and Campylobacter spp. was confirmed. Self-efficacy and negative workplace perceptions were risk factors for Salmonella Dublin exposure (OR = 1.43[95% CI 1.11–2.22] & 1.22 [95% CI 1.02–1.53] respectively,). Additionally, safety knowledge and risk perceptions were protective factors of exposure (OR = 0.90 [95% CI 0.79–1.00]). Positive perceptions of supervisors and coworkers was a protective factor of Campylobacter exposure (OR = 0.89 [95% CI 0.79–0.98]).

Conclusion: Results indicated that the presence of a supporting organizational environment, good communication with supervisors and coworkers, and training on prevention of zoonotic diseases would potentially reduce occupational exposures to zoonotic diseases on these farms.

摘要

目标: 奶牛场的人畜共患病病原体对在那里工作和生活的人来说是一个已知的风险。沙门氏菌血清型、大肠杆菌（O157；H7）、空肠弯曲杆菌和小隐孢子虫的暴露和/或传播已记录在奶牛场环境中发生。社会生态因素已被确定为传染病风险人群预防行为的决定因素。

方法：本研究描述了社会生态因素对两个奶牛场的 42 名工人选定的人畜共患病细菌和原生动物疾病的影响。

结果: 职业性接触沙门氏菌ser。都柏林、大肠杆菌和弯曲杆菌属。已经被证实。自我效能感和消极的工作场所认知是都柏林沙门氏菌暴露的危险因素（OR = 1.43[95% CI 1.11–2.22] 和 1.22 [95% CI 1.02–1.53]）。此外，安全知识和风险认知是暴露的保护因素（OR = 0.90 [95% CI 0.79–1.00]）。对主管和同事的积极看法是弯曲杆菌暴露的一个保护因素（OR = 0.89 [95% CI 0.79–0.98]）。

结论：结果表明，支持性组织环境的存在、与主管和同事的良好沟通以及人畜共患病预防培训可能会减少这些农场对人畜共患病的职业暴露。