AbstractBackgroundAmino acid‐based formulas (AAFs) are used for the dietary management of cow's milk allergy (CMA). Whether AAFs have the potential to prevent the development and/or symptoms of CMA is not known.ObjectiveThe present study evaluated the preventive effects of an amino acid (AA)‐based diet on allergic sensitization and symptoms of CMA in mice and aimed to provide insight into the underlying mechanism.MethodsC3H/HeOuJ mice were sensitized with whey protein or with phosphate‐buffered saline as sham‐sensitized control. Starting 2 weeks before sensitization, mice were fed with either a protein‐based diet or an AA‐based diet with an AA composition based on that of the AAF Neocate, a commercially available AAF prescribed for the dietary management of CMA. Upon challenge, allergic symptoms, mast cell degranulation, whey‐specific immunoglobulin levels, and FoxP3+ cell counts in jejunum sections were assessed.ResultsCompared to mice fed with the protein‐based diet, AA‐fed mice had significantly lower acute allergic skin responses. Moreover, the AA‐based diet prevented the whey‐induced symptoms of anaphylaxis and drop in body temperature. Whereas the AA‐based diet had no effect on the levels of serum IgE and mucosal mast cell protease‐1 (mMCP‐1), AA‐fed mice had significantly lower serum IgG2a levels and tended to have lower IgG1 levels (P = .076). In addition, the AA‐based diet prevented the whey‐induced decrease in FoxP3+ cells. In sham‐sensitized mice, no differences between the two diets were observed in any of the tested parameters.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that an AA‐based diet can at least partially prevent allergic symptoms of CMA in mice. Differences in FoxP3+ cell counts and serum levels of IgG2a and IgG1 may suggest enhanced anti‐inflammatory and tolerizing capacities in AA‐fed mice. This, combined with the absence of effects in sham‐sensitized mice indicates that AAFs for the prevention of food allergies may be an interesting concept that warrants further research.

中文翻译：

---

基于游离氨基酸的饮食可部分预防口服乳清致敏小鼠的牛奶过敏症状

摘要背景氨基酸配方奶粉 (AAF) 用于牛奶过敏 (CMA) 的饮食管理。AAF 是否有可能预防 CMA 的发展和/或症状尚不清楚。客观的本研究评估了基于氨基酸 (AA) 的饮食对小鼠过敏性致敏和 CMA 症状的预防作用，旨在深入了解其潜在机制。方法C3H/HeOuJ 小鼠用乳清蛋白或磷酸盐缓冲盐水致敏作为假致敏对照。从致敏前 2 周开始，给小鼠喂食基于蛋白质的饮食或基于 AA 的饮食，其 AA 成分基于 AAF Neocate（一种用于 CMA 饮食管理的市售 AAF）。攻击后，过敏症状、肥大细胞脱颗粒、乳清特异性免疫球蛋白水平和 FoxP3+评估空肠切片中的细胞计数。结果与喂食蛋白质饮食的小鼠相比，喂食 AA 的小鼠的急性皮肤过敏反应明显较低。此外，基于 AA 的饮食可以预防乳清引起的过敏反应和体温下降症状。虽然基于 AA 的饮食对血清 IgE 和粘膜肥大细胞蛋白酶-1 (mMCP-1) 的水平没有影响，但 AA 喂养的小鼠血清 IgG2a 水平显着降低，并且往往具有较低的 IgG1 水平。磷=.076）。此外，基于 AA 的饮食可防止乳清引起的 FoxP3 下降+细胞。在假致敏小鼠中，两种饮食之间的任何测试参数均未观察到差异。结论这项研究表明，基于 AA 的饮食至少可以部分预防小鼠 CMA 过敏症状。FoxP3 的差异+细胞计数和血清 IgG2a 和 IgG1 水平可能表明 AA 喂养的小鼠抗炎和耐受能力增强。再加上在假敏小鼠中没有效果，表明 AAF 预防食物过敏可能是一个有趣的概念，值得进一步研究。