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Performance of blue-fronted amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva) when solving the pebbles-and-seeds and multi-access-box paradigms: ex situ and in situ experiments.
Animal Cognition ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-07 , DOI: 10.1007/s10071-020-01347-6
Lucas Godinho 1 , Yuri Marinho 2 , Bruna Bezerra 1
Affiliation  

Birds can solve many cognitive tasks that were previously only solved by primates, implying that their cognitive ability is far greater than expected. Here, we investigated the ability of blue-fronted amazon parrots in solving the pebble-and-seed and the multi-access-box paradigms, two ecologically relevant cognitive tasks varying in complexity and required skills to solve. We also investigated whether laterality, sex and housing conditions influenced problem-solving capacity. We tested 14 adults kept in captivity and 27 reintroduced adults. Here, we present evidence of laterality for the species, showing right-footed, left-footed and ambidextrous individuals. Left-footed animals were more successful than the right-footed animals in the pebble-and-seed test. There was no sex difference in the problem-solving capacity of the blue-fronted amazon parrots for both pebble-and-seed and multi-access-box paradigms. Eleven captive animals were successful in at least one of the four multiple-access-box possible solutions. Four reintroduced individuals were successful in at least one of the multiple-access-box possible solutions. Only two captive animals and one reintroduced animal succeeded to solve more than one of the four multiple-access-box solutions. The average success rate of the pebble-and-seed test was 88.16% ex situ and 86.58% in situ, with individual variation in test-solving ability. Our study shows that unlike laterality, sex was not determinant in blue-fronted amazon parrots’ problem-solving ability. The blue-fronted amazon parrots have the visual discrimination skills needed for the pebble-and-seed task solution, and the motor skills for beak–foot coordination and potentially understanding of complex spatial relationships required for the string-pulling task, the multi-access-box solution achieved by most of the animals. Our results increased the knowledge of the cognitive ability of parrots, a group which lacked extensive cognition data.

中文翻译:

求解卵石种子和多存取盒范式时,蓝额亚马逊鹦鹉(Amazona aestiva)的性能:非原生境和原位实验。

鸟类可以解决许多以前只能由灵长类动物解决的认知任务,这意味着它们的认知能力远远超出预期。在这里,我们研究了蓝额亚马逊鹦鹉解决卵石种子和多访问盒范式的能力,这两个复杂且具有生态学意义的认知任务不同,并且需要解决的技能。我们还调查了偏爱,性别和住房条件是否影响解决问题的能力。我们测试了14位被囚禁的成年人和27位重新引入的成年人。在这里,我们提供了该物种偏侧性的证据,显示了右脚,左脚和灵巧的个体。在卵石和种子测试中,左脚动物比右脚动物更成功。蓝脸的亚马逊鹦鹉在卵子,种子和多重存取框范例中的问题解决能力没有性别差异。11种圈养动物在四种多通道盒可能解决方案中的至少一种中是成功的。在至少一个多址访问盒可能的解决方案中,有四个重新引入的个体成功。只有两只圈养动物和一只再引入的动物成功地解决了四种多入箱解决方案中的一种以上。卵石种子测试的平均成功率为异位88.16%和原位86.58%,测试解决能力各不相同。我们的研究表明,与侧向性不同,性别并不是决定蓝脸亚马逊鹦鹉解决问题能力的决定性因素。蓝色的亚马逊鹦鹉具有卵石和种子任务解决方案所需的视觉辨别技能,以及喙脚协调能力和潜在的理解力,可轻松完成拉弦任务,多通道访问所需的复杂空间关系多数动物实现的盒式解决方案。我们的结果增加了对鹦鹉认知能力的认识,而鹦鹉缺乏足够的认知数据。
更新日期:2020-02-07
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