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Skill Profiles of College Students With a History of Developmental Language Disorder and Developmental Dyslexia
Journal of Learning Disabilities ( IF 3.407 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-06 , DOI: 10.1177/0022219420904348
Stephanie N Del Tufo 1 , F Sayako Earle 2
Affiliation  

Developmental language disorder (DLD) and developmental dyslexia (DD) are two prevalent subtypes of Specific Learning Disabilities (SLDs; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [5th ed.; DSM-5]). Yet, little information is available regarding the distinct challenges faced by adults with DLD and/or DD in college. The purpose of the present report is to characterize the relative strengths and challenges of college students with a history of DLD and/or DD, as this information is critical for providing appropriate institutional support. We examined the cognitive skill profiles of 352 college students (ages 18–35 years), using standardized and research-validated measures of reading, spoken language, nonverbal cognition, and self-reported childhood diagnostic history. We classified college students as having DLD (n = 50), and/or DD (n = 40), or as typically developed adults (n = 132) according to procedures described for adults with DLD and DD. A structural equation model determined the cognitive, language, and reading measures predicted by the classification group. Adults with DLD demonstrated poor verbal working memory and speeded sentence-level reading. Adults with DD primarily demonstrated deficits in phonology-based skills. These results indicate that adults with DLD and/or DD continue to face similar challenges as they did during childhood, and thus may benefit from differentially targeted accommodations in college.

中文翻译:

有发展性语言障碍和发展性阅读障碍病史的大学生的技能概况

发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 和发育性阅读障碍 (DD) 是特定学习障碍的两种常见亚型(SLD;精神障碍诊断和统计手册 [第 5 版;DSM-5])。然而,关于患有 DLD 和/或 DD 的成年人在大学面临的不同挑战的信息很少。本报告的目的是描述具有 DLD 和/或 DD 病史的大学生的相对优势和挑战,因为这些信息对于提供适当的机构支持至关重要。我们使用标准化和研究验证的阅读、口语、非语言认知和自我报告的儿童诊断史的措施,检查了 352 名大学生(18-35 岁)的认知技能概况。我们将大学生归类为患有 DLD(n = 50),和/或 DD (n = 40),或根据为患有 DLD 和 DD 的成年人描述的程序,作为典型发育的成年人 (n = 132)。结构方程模型确定了分类组预测的认知、语言和阅读量度。患有 DLD 的成年人表现出较差的口头工作记忆和加速的句子级阅读。患有 DD 的成年人主要表现出基于语音的技能缺陷。这些结果表明,患有 DLD 和/或 DD 的成年人继续面临与童年时期类似的挑战,因此可能会受益于大学期间不同的针对性住宿。患有 DLD 的成年人表现出较差的口头工作记忆和加速的句子级阅读。患有 DD 的成年人主要表现出基于语音的技能缺陷。这些结果表明,患有 DLD 和/或 DD 的成年人继续面临与童年时期类似的挑战,因此可能会受益于大学期间不同的针对性住宿。患有 DLD 的成年人表现出较差的口头工作记忆和加速的句子级阅读。患有 DD 的成年人主要表现出基于语音的技能缺陷。这些结果表明,患有 DLD 和/或 DD 的成年人继续面临与童年时期类似的挑战,因此可能会受益于大学期间不同的针对性住宿。
更新日期:2020-02-06
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